i) Liquidity risk.
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company may not be able to meet its present and future cash and collateral obligations without incurring unacceptable losses.
Risk management is carried out by the treasury department under policies approved by the board of directors. The treasury team identifies, evaluates and hedges financial risks in close co-operation with the Company's operating units. The board provides principles for overall risk management, as well as policies covering specific areas, such as foreign exchange risk, interest rate risk, and credit risk, use of derivative financial instruments and non-derivative financial instruments, and investment of excess liquidity.
Market Risk
The sensitivity analysis excludes the impact of movements in market variables on the carrying value of post-employment benefit obligations provisions and on the non-financial assets and liabilities. The sensitivity of the relevant Statement of Profit and Loss item is the effect of the assumed changes in the respective market risks. The Company's activities expose it to a variety of financial risks, including the effects of changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates.
(a) Foreign exchange risk and sensitivity
The Company has no foreign currency trade payables and receivable outstanding as on 31st March, 2023 and is therefore, not exposed to foreign exchange risk.
(b) Interest rate risk and sensitivity
The Comapny's exposure to the risk of changes in market interest rates relates primarily to long term debt.
The Company's objective is to; at all times maintain optimum levels of liquidity to meet its cash and collateral requirements.. In case of temporary short fall in liquidity to repay the borrowing/ operational short fall , the company uses mix of capital infusion and borrowing from its group company. However, the company envisage that such short fall is temporary and the company would generate sufficient cash flows as per approved projections.
Capital risk management
The Company manages its capital structure and makes adjustments in light of changes in economic conditions and the requirements of the financial covenants. To maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Company may adjust the dividend payment to shareholders, return capital to shareholders or issue new shares. The primary objective of the Company's capital management is to maximize the shareholder value. The Company's primary objective when managing capital is to ensure that it maintains an efficient capital structure and healthy capital ratios and safeguard the Company's ability to continue as a going concern in order to support its business and provide maximum returns for shareholders. The Company also proposes to maintain an optimal capital structure to reduce the cost of capital. No changes were made in the objectives, policies or processes during the year ended March 31,2023 and March 31, 2022. For the purpose of the Company's capital management, capital includes issued capital, share premium and all other equity reserves. Net debt includes, interest bearing loans and borrowings, trade and other payables less cash and short term deposits, excluding discontinued operations. The Company monitors capital using a gearing ratio, which is net debt divided by total capital. Net debt is calculated as loans and borrowings less cash and cash equivalents.
Fair Valuation techniques
The Company maintains policies and procedures to value financial assets or financial liabilities using the best and most relevant data available. The fair values of the financial assets and liabilities are included at the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.
The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair values:
1) Fair value of cash and other current financial assets and liabilities approximate their carrying amounts largely due to the short-term maturities of these instruments.
2) Long-term fixed-rate borrowings are evaluated by the Company based on parameters such as interest rates, specific country risk factors, credit risk and other risk characteristics. Fair value of variable interest rate borrowings is not material different from carrying values. For fixed interest rate borrowing fair value is determined by using the discounted cash flow (DCF) method using discount rate that reflects the issuer's borrowings rate. Risk of nonperformance for the company is considered to be insignificant in valuation.
Fair Value hierarchy
The following table provides the fair value measurement hierarchy of Company's asset and liabilities, grouped into Level 1 to Level 3 as described below:
Fair Valuation of Financial Guarantees:
Financial guarantees issued by the Company on behalf of its subsidiary companies have been measured through profit and loss account. Fair value of said guarantees as at March 31,2023 is considered Rs. Nil (March 31,2022- Nil) based on valuation carried by independent valuer.
• Quoted prices / published NAV (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (level 1). It includes fair value of financial instruments traded in active markets and are based on quoted market prices at the balance sheet date and financial instruments like mutual funds for which net assets value( NAV) is published mutual fund operators at the balance sheet date.
• Inputs other than quoted prices included within level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (that is, as prices) or indirectly (that is, derived from prices) (level 2). It includes fair value of the financial instruments that are not traded in an active market (for example, over-the-counter derivatives) is determined by using valuation techniques. These valuation techniques maximise the use of observable market data where it is available and rely as little as possible on the company specific estimates. If all significant inputs required to fair value an instrument are observable. Derivatives included interest rate swaps and foreign currency forwards.
• Inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (that is, unobservable inputs) (level 3). If one or more of the significant inputs is not based on observable market data, the instrument is included in level 3.
During the year ended March 31, 2023 and March 31,2022, there were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 fair value measurements, and no transfer into and out of Level 3 fair value measurements.
Following table describes the valuation techniques used and key inputs to valuation within level 2 and 3, and quantitative information about significant unobservable inputs for fair value measurements within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy as at March 31,2023 and March 31, 2022, respectively:
OCI presentation of defined benefit plan
-Gratuity is in the nature of defined benefit plan, Re-measurement gains/(losses) on defined benefit plans is shown under OCI as Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss and also the income tax effect on the same.
-Leave encashment cost is in the nature of short term employee benefits.
Presentation in Statement of Profit and Loss and Balance Sheet
Expense for service cost, net interest on net defined benefit liability (asset) is charged to Statement of Profit and Loss.
IND AS 19 do not require segregation of provision in current and non-current, however net defined liability (Assets) is shown as current and non-current provision in balance sheet as per IND AS 1.
Actuarial liability for short term benefits (leave encashment cost) is shown as current and noncurrent provision in balance sheet.
When there is surplus in defined benefit plan, company is required to measure the net defined benefit asset at the lower of; the surplus in the defined benefit plan and the assets ceiling, determined using the discount rate specified, i.e. market yield at the end of the reporting period on government bonds, this is applicable for domestic companies, foreign company can use corporate bonds rate.
The Company assesses these assumptions with its projected long-term plans of growth and prevalent industry standards. The mortality rates used are as published by one of the leading life insurance companies in India.
The number of shares used in computing basic EPS is the weighted average number of shares
outstanding during the year.
24.17. The financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2023 were approved by the Board of
Directors and authorized for issue on 26th May 2023.
24.18. Additional Regulatory Information:
i. The company does not have any immovable property wherein reporting requirement with respect to title deed of immovable properties is applicable.
ii. The Company has not revalued its Property, Plant and Equipment as defined under rule 2 of the Companies (Registered Valuers and Valuation) Rules, 217 during the year 2022-23 and 2021-22.
iii. The Company has not taken loan from banks or financial institutions on the basis of security of current assets.
iv. The company has not granted any loan to promoters, directors, KMPs and the related parties (as defined under Companies Act, 2013), either severally or jointly with any other person.
v. No proceedings have been initiated or pending against the company under the Benami Transactions (Prohibition) Act, 1988 (45 of 1988) and the rules made thereunder.
vi. Company is not declared willful defaulter by any bank or financial institution or other lender.
viii. The Company do not have any charges or satisfaction yet to be registered with Registrar of Companies beyond the statutory period.
ix. The Company has complied the Provisions related to number of layers prescribed under clause (87) of section 2 of the Act read with Companies (Restriction on number of Layers) Rules, 2017.
x. No Scheme of Arrangements has been approved by the Competent Authority in terms of Section 230 to 237 of the Companies Act, 2013.
xi. The company has not advanced or loaned or invested funds to any other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Intermediaries) with the understanding that the Intermediary shall:
a. directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the company (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or
b. provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the ultimate beneficiaries. The company has not received any fund from any person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Funding Party) with the understanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the group shall:
a. directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party (Ultimate Beneficiaries)
b. provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the ultimate beneficiaries
xii. No income has been surrendered or disclosed for which transaction was not recorded in the books of accounts that has been surrendered or disclosed as income during the year in the tax assessments under the Income Tax Act, 1961.
xiii. During the year, the Company doesn't fulfil the threshold limit criteria covered under section 135 of the Companies Act, 2013. Therefore, the provision related to Corporate Social Responsibility is not applicable to the company.
xiv. There is no transaction related to Crypto Currency or Virtual Currency during the current or
previous year.
24.19. Previous year figures have been regrouped/ rearranged, wherever considered necessary to conform to current year's classification.
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