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Lactose (India) Ltd. Auditor Report
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You can view full text of the latest Auditor's Report for the company.
Market Cap. (Rs.) 125.76 Cr. P/BV 2.02 Book Value (Rs.) 49.56
52 Week High/Low (Rs.) 203/84 FV/ML 10/1 P/E(X) 24.36
Bookclosure 15/11/2024 EPS (Rs.) 4.10 Div Yield (%) 0.00
Year End :2025-03 

We have audited the accompanying financial statements of
Lactose (India) Limited (“the Company”), which comprises
the balance sheet as at 31st March 2025, and the statement
of Profit and Loss (including Other Comprehensive Income),
statement of cash flows and statement of changes in equity
for the year then ended, and notes to the financial statements,
including a summary of material accounting policies and other
explanatory information.

In our opinion and to the best of our information and according to
the explanations given to us, the aforesaid financial statements
give the information required by the Companies Act, 2013 (“the
Act”) in the manner so required and give a true and fair view in
conformity with the accounting principles generally accepted in
India, of the state of affairs of the Company as at 31st March
2025, and its profit and other comprehensive income, its cash
flows and changes in equity for the year ended on that date.

Basis for Opinion

We conducted our audit in accordance with the Standards on
Auditing (SAs) specified under section 143(10) of the Act. Our

responsibilities under those Standards are further described
in the Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial
Statements section of our report. We are independent of the
Company in accordance with the Code of Ethics issued by
the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India together with
the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the
financial statements under the provisions of the Act and
the Rules thereunder, and we have fulfilled our other ethical
responsibilities in accordance with these requirements and the
Code of Ethics. We believe that the audit evidence we have
obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our
opinion on the financial statements.

Other Matters

The financial statement of the Company for the year ended 31st
March 2024 were audited by another auditor, who expressed
an unmodified opinion vide their Audit report dated 30th May
2024.

Key Audit Matters

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional
judgment, were of most significance in our audit of the
financial statements of the current period. These matters were
addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements
as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not
provide a separate opinion on these matters.

Key audit matter

Auditors' response

Information Technology and General
Controls:

The Company is dependent on its information
technology (IT) systems known as a TCSiON
due to the significant number of transactions
that are processed daily across such multiple
and discrete IT systems. Also, IT application
controls are critical to ensure that changes to
applications and underlying data are made in
an appropriate manner and under controlled
environment. Appropriate controls contribute
to mitigating the risk of potential fraud or
errors as a result of changes to applications
and data. On account of the pervasive use
of its IT systems, the testing of the general
computer controls of the IT systems used in
financial reporting was considered to be a key
audit matter.

We obtained an understanding of the Company's IT applications, databases
and operating systems relevant to financial reporting and the control
environment. For these elements of the IT infrastructure the areas of our
focus included access security (including controls over privileged access),
program change controls, database management and network operations. In
particular:

• We tested the design, implementation, and operating effectiveness
of the Company's general IT controls over the IT systems relevant to
financial reporting. This included evaluation of Company's controls over
segregation of duties and access rights being provisioned/modified based
on duly approved requests, access for exit cases being revoked in a timely
manner and access of all users being recertified during the period of audit.

• We also tested key automated business cycle controls and logic for the
reports generated through the IT infrastructure that were relevant for
financial reporting or were used in the exercise of internal financial controls
with reference to financial statements. Our tests included testing of the
compensating controls or alternate procedures to assess whether there
were any unaddressed IT risks that would materially impact the financial
statements.

Information Other than the Financial Statements and
Auditor's Report Thereon

The Company's Management and Board of Directors are
responsible for the other information. The other information
comprises the information included in the Company's Annual
Report but does not include financial statements and our
auditor's report thereon. The Other Information is expected to
be made available to us after the date of this auditor's report.

Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the
other information and we do not express any form of assurance
conclusion thereon.

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our
responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing
so, consider whether the other information is materially
inconsistent with the financial statements, or our knowledge
obtained during the course of our audit or otherwise appears
to be materially misstated. If, based on the work we have

performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement
of this other information, we are required to report that fact. We
have nothing to report in this regard.

Responsibilities of Management and Those Charged with
Governance for the Financial Statements

The Company's Board of Directors is responsible for the matters
stated in section 134(5) of the Companies Act, 2013 (“the Act”)
with respect to the preparation of these financial statements
that give a true and fair view of the financial position, financial
performance including other comprehensive income, cash flows
and changes in equity of the Company in accordance with the
accounting principles generally accepted in India, including the
Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) specified under section
133 of the Act. This responsibility also includes maintenance of
adequate accounting records in accordance with the provisions
of the Act for safeguarding of the assets of the Company and
for preventing and detecting frauds and other irregularities;
selection and application of appropriate accounting policies;
making judgments and estimates that are reasonable and
prudent; and design, implementation and maintenance of
adequate internal financial controls, that were operating
effectively for ensuring the accuracy and completeness
of the accounting records, relevant to the preparation and
presentation of the financial statements that give a true and fair
view and are free from material misstatement, whether due to
fraud or error.

In preparing the financial statements, management is
responsible for assessing the Company's ability to continue as
a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to
going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting
unless management either intends to liquidate the Company or
to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so.

The Board of Directors are also responsible for overseeing the
Company's financial reporting process.

Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial
Statements

1. Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about
whether the financial statements as a whole are free from
material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and
to issue an auditor's report that includes our opinion.
Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but
is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance
with SAs will always detect a material misstatement
when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or
error and are considered material if, individually or in
the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to
influence the economic decisions of users taken on the
basis of these financial statements.

2. As part of an audit in accordance with SAs, we exercise
professional judgment and maintain professional
skepticism throughout the audit. We also:

• Identify and assess the risks of material
misstatement of the financial statements, whether
due to fraud or error, design and perform audit

procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain
audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate
to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not
detecting a material misstatement resulting from
fraud is higher than for one resulting from error,
as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional
omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of
internal control.

• Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant
to the audit in order to design audit procedures
that are appropriate in the circumstances. Under
section 143(3)(i) of the Companies Act, 2013, we
are also responsible for expressing our opinion
on whether the company has adequate internal
financial controls with reference to the financial
statements in place and the operating effectiveness
of such controls.

• Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies
used and the reasonableness of accounting
estimates and related disclosures made by
management and Board of Directors.

• Conclude on the appropriateness of the
management and Board of Directors use of the
going concern basis of accounting in preparation
of the financial statements and, based on the audit
evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty
exists related to events or conditions that may
cast significant doubt on the Company's ability to
continue as a going concern. If we conclude that
a material uncertainty exists, we are required to
draw attention in our auditor's report to the related
disclosures in the financial statements or, if such
disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion.
Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence
obtained up to the date of our auditor's report.
However, future events or conditions may cause the
Company to cease to continue as a going concern.

• Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and
content of the financial statements, including the
disclosures, and whether the financial statements
represent the underlying transactions and events in
a manner that achieves fair presentation.

• Materiality is the magnitude of misstatements in
the financial statements that, individually or in
aggregate, makes it probable that the economic
decisions of a reasonably knowledgeable user of
the financial statements may be influenced. We
consider quantitative materiality and qualitative
factors in (i) planning the scope of our audit work
and in evaluating the results of our work; and (ii) to
evaluate the effect of any identified misstatements
in the financial statements.

3. We communicate with those charged with governance

regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and

timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including

any significant deficiencies in internal control that we
identify during our audit.

4. We also provide those charged with governance with
a statement that we have complied with relevant
ethical requirements regarding independence, and
to communicate with them all relationships and other
matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our
independence, and where applicable, related safeguards.

Report on Other Legal and Regulatory Requirements

1. As required by the Companies (Auditor's Report) Order,
2020 (“the Order”), issued by the Central Government of
India in terms of Section 143 (11) of the Companies Act,
2013, we give in the “Annexure A”, a statement on the
matters specified in paragraphs 3 and 4 of the Order, to
the extent applicable.

2. As required by Section 143(3) of the Act, we report that:

a) We have sought and obtained all the information
and explanations which to the best of our knowledge
and belief were necessary for the purposes of our
audit.

b) In our opinion, proper books of account as required
by law have been kept by the Company so far as it
appears from our examination of those books.

c) The Balance Sheet, the Statement of Profit &
Loss (including other comprehensive income), the
statement of changes in Equity, and the Statement
of Cash Flows dealt with by this Report are in
agreement with the books of account.

d) In our opinion, the aforesaid financial statements
comply with the specified under Section 133 of the
Act, read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts)
Rules, 2014.

e) On the basis of the written representations received
from the directors as on 31st March, 2025 and
1st April, 2025 taken on record by the Board of
Directors, none of the directors is disqualified as
on 31st March, 2025 from being appointed as a
director in terms of Section 164 (2) of the Act.

f) With respect to the adequacy of the internal financial
controls with reference to financial statement of the
Company and the operating effectiveness of such
controls, refer to our separate Report in “Annexure
B”.

g) In our opinion and according to the information and
explanations given to us, the remuneration paid by
the Company to its directors during the current year
is in accordance with the provisions of Section 197
of the Act. The remuneration paid to any director is
not in excess of the limit laid down under Section
197 of the Act. The Ministry of Corporate Affairs has
not prescribed other details under Section 197(16)

of the Act which are required to be commented
upon by us.

h) With respect to the other matters to be included in
the Auditor's Report in accordance with Rule 11 of
the Companies (Audit and Auditors) Rules, 2014, in
our opinion and to the best of our information and
according to the explanations given to us:

i. The Company has disclosed the impact of
pending litigation on its financial position in its
financial statements (refer note no 39 of the
Financial Statements).

ii. The Company did not have any long-term
contracts including derivative contracts for
which there were any material foreseeable
losses.

iii. There were no amounts which were required
to be transferred to the Investor Education
and Protection Fund by the Company.

iv. (a) The Management has represented

that, to the best of its knowledge and
belief, no funds (which are material
either individually or in the aggregate)
have been advanced or loaned or
invested (either from borrowed funds
or share premium or any other sources
or kind of funds) by the Company to or
in any other person or entity, including
foreign entity (“Intermediaries”), with
the understanding, whether recorded
in writing or otherwise, that the
Intermediary shall, whether, directly
or indirectly lend or invest in other
persons or entities identified in any
manner whatsoever by or on behalf of
the Company (“Ultimate Beneficiaries”)
or provide any guarantee, security
or the like on behalf of the Ultimate
Beneficiaries;

(b) The Management has represented,
that, to the best of its knowledge and
belief, no funds (which are material
either individually or in the aggregate)
have been received by the Company
from any person or entity, including
foreign entity (“Funding Parties”), with
the understanding, whether recorded in
writing or otherwise, that the Company
shall, whether, directly or indirectly, lend
or invest in other persons or entities
identified in any manner whatsoever
by or on behalf of the Funding Party
(“Ultimate Beneficiaries”) or provide any
guarantee, security or the like on behalf
of the Ultimate Beneficiaries;

(c) Based on the audit procedures that
have been considered reasonable
and appropriate in the circumstances,
nothing has come to our notice that
has caused us to believe that the
representations under sub-clause (i)
and (ii) of Rule 11(e), as provided under
(a) and (b) above, contain any material
misstatement.

v. Since The Company has not declared / paid
any dividend during the year, Section 123 of
the Act is not applicable.

vi. Based on our examination, which include test
checks, the company has used accounting
software for maintaining its books of accounts
for the financial year ended March 31, 2025
which have the feature of recording audit trail
(edit log) facility and the same has operated
throughout the year for all relevant transaction
recorded in software. Further during our audit,
we did not come across any instances of the
audit trail feature being tampered with.

Additionally, the audit trail has been preserved
by the Company as per the statutory
requirements for record retention.

For DMKH & CO.

Chartered Accountants

Firm Registration No.: 116886W

Sd/-

Shikha Kabra

Partner

Membership No.: 179437

UDIN: 25179437BMSCJM6724

Place: Mumbai

Date: May 30, 2025


 
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