We have audited the accompanying standalone financial statement of M/s. Radhagobind Commercial Limited, which comprises
the Balance sheet as at 31st March, 2024, and the Statement of Profit /Loss account (Including Other Comprehensive Income),
the statement of changes of Equity and the statement of Cash Flows for the year then ended on that date and a summary of
significant accounting policies and other explanatory information (hereinafter referred to as “the standalone financial
statements”).
In our opinion and to the best of our information and according to the explanations given to us, the standalone financial
statements give the information required by the Companies Act, 2013 (“ the Act”) in the manner so required and give a true and
fair view in conformity with the Indian accounting standards prescribed under section 133 of the companies Act read with the
Companies (Indian Accounting standard) Rules 2015, as amended , ( “Ind As”) and other accounting principles generally
accepted in India, of the state of affairs of the company as on 31s1 March 2024, the LOSS, total Comprehensive Income, changes
in equity and its cash flows for the year ended on that date.
Basis for Opinion
We have conducted our audit in accordance with the Standards on Auditing specified under section 143(10) of the Companies
Act, 2013. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of
standalone Financial Statements section of our report. We are independent of the Company in accordance with the Code of
Ethics issued by Institute of Chartered Accountants of India together with ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of
standalone financial statement under the provisions of Companies Act, 2013 and rules made thereunder, and we have fulfilled
our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements and ICAl’s code of ethics. We believe that the audit
evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.
Key Audit Matters
Key Audit Matters are those matters that in our Professional Judgement were of most significance in our Audit of the financial
statements of the Current Period. These matters were addressed in the context of Our Audit of the financial statements. These
matters were addressed in the context of Our Audit of the financial statements as a whole, and informing our opinion thereon,
and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.
1) Classification and measurement of financial assets -
Business model assessment
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Ind AS 109, Financial Instruments, contains three principal measurement categories for financial assets lie.: 05157S \ 11
H * \ Cochin / * ]l
• Amortised cost; WoV / &II
• Fair Value through Other Comprehensive Income (‘FVOCI’); and Vv/fc fd&y
• Fair Value through Profit and Loss (‘FVTPL’).
A financial asset is classified into a measurement category at inception and is reclassified only in rare circumstances. The
assessment as to how an asset should be classified is made on the basis of both the Group’s business model for managing the
financial asset and the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset.
The term ‘business model’ refers to the way in which the Group manages its financial assets in order to generate cash flows.
That is, the Group’s business model determines whether cash flows will result from collecting contractual cash flows, selling
financial assets or both.
/
Amortized cost classification and measurement category is met if the financial asset is held within a business model whose
objective is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows.
FVOC1 classification and measurement category is met if the financial asset is held in a business model in which assets are
managed both in order to collect contractual cash flows and for sale. Such financial assets are subsequently measured at fair
value, with changes in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income.
FVTPL classification and measurement category is met if the financial asset does not meet the criteria for classification and
measurement at amortized cost or at FVOCI. Such financial assets are subsequently measured at fair value, with changes in fair
value recognized in profit or loss.
Key audit procedures included:
Design / controls
• Assessing the design, implementation and operating effectiveness of key internal controls over management’s intent of
purchasing a financial asset and the approval mechanism for such stated intent and classification of such financial assets on the
basis of management’s intent (business model).
• For financial assets classified at amortized cost, we tested controls over the classification of such assets and subsequent
measurement of assets at amortized cost. Further, we tested key internal controls over monitoring of such financial assets to
check whether there have been any subsequent sales of financial assets classified at amortized cost.
• For financial assets classified at FVOCI, we tested controls over the classification of such assets and subsequent measurement
of assets at fair value.
2) Recognition and measurement of impairment of loans and advances involve significant management judgement
With the applicability of Ind AS 109 credit loss assessment is now based on expected credit loss (‘ECL’) model. The Group’s
impairment allowance is derived from estimates including the historical default and loss ratios. Management exercises
judgement in determining the quantum of loss based on a range of factors.
The most significant areas are:
• Segmentation of loan book /rQ/^ *
• Loan staging criteria
• Calculation of probability of default / Loss given default * ( cochin ) * )j
• Consideration of probability weighted scenarios and forward looking macro-economic factors.
Key audit procedures included: <wy
Design / controls
• Assessing the design and implementation of key internal financial controls over loan impairment process used to calculate the
impairment charge
• We used our modelling specialist to test the model methodology and reasonableness of assumptions used.
• Testing of management review controls over measurement of impairment allowances and disclosures in the consolidated
financial statements.
Substantive tests
• We focused on appropriate application of accounting principles, validating completeness and accuracy ot the data and
reasonableness of assumptions used in the model.
• Appropriateness of management’s judgments was also independently reconsidered in respect of calculation methodologies,
segmentation, economic factors, the period of historical loss rates used, loss emergence periods and the valuation of recovery
assets and collateral.
Responsibility of Management and Those Charged with Governance for the Financial Statements
The Company’s Board of Directors is responsible for the matters stated in Section 134(5) of the Companies Act, 2013 (“the
Act”) with respect to the preparation and presentation of these financial statements that give a true and fair view of the financial
position and financial performance, total comprehensive Income, changes in equity and cash flow ot the company in accordance
with the Ind AS and other accounting Principles generally accepted in India. This responsibility also includes maintenance of
adequate accounting records in accordance with the provisions of the Act for safeguarding the assets of the Company and tor
preventing and detecting frauds and other irregularities; selection and application of appropriate accounting policies; making
judgments and estimates that are reasonable and prudent; and design, implementation and maintenance ot adequate internal
financial controls, that were operating effectively for ensuring the accuracy and completeness of the accounting records, relevant
to the preparation and presentation of the financial statements that give a true and fair view and are free from material
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
In preparing the financial statements, management is responsible for assessing the company’s ability to continue as a going
concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern, basis of accounting unless
management either tends to liquidate the company or to cease operations or has no realistic alternative to do so.
Those Board of Directors are also responsible for overseeing the company’s financial reporting process.
Auditor’s Responsibility for the Audit of Financial Statement.
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable audit assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are tree from material
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a
high level of assurance but is not a guarantee that an audit is conducted in accordance with SAs will always detect a material
misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if individually or in the
aggregate, they could be reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions ot the user taken on the basis of these
financial statements. A further description of the auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is included in
Annexure A. This description forms part of our Audit Report
As a part of an audit in accordance with the SAs, we exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism
throughout the audit. We also:
• Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, design and
perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis
for our opinion. The risk of detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, a
fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control
• Obtaining an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appiopriate in
the circumstances. Under section 143(3)(i) of the Companies Act, 2013, we are also responsible for expressing our opinion on
whether the company has adequate internal financial controls systems in place and the operating effectiveness of such controls.
• Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and related
disclosures made by management.
//*£/Firm Reqn NoA__Ax
• Conclude on the appropriateness on the management’s use of the going concent basis of accounting and, based on the audit
evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the
Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw
attention in our auditor’s report to the related disclosures in the financial statements or, il such disclosures are inadequate to
modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our Auditor’s Report. However,
future events or conditions may cause the Company to cease to continue as a going concern.
• Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the financial statements, including the disclosures, and whether the
financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in the manner that achieves fail presentation.
We communicate with those charged with Governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the
audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in Internal Control that we identify during audit.
We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical requirements
regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be thought to
bear on our independence, and where applicable, related safeguards.
From the matters communicated with those charged with governance, we determine those matters that were of the most
significance in the Audit of the standalone financial statements of the current period and are therefore the key Audit Matters. We
describe these matters in our auditors’ report unless law or regulation precludes public disclosure about the matter or when, in
extremely rare circumstances, we determine that a matter should not be communicated in our report because the adverse
consequences of doing so would reasonably be expected to outweigh the public interest benefits of such communication.
Report on Other Legal and Regulatory Requirements
1. As required by the Companies (Auditor’s Report) Order, 2020 (“the Order”) issued by the Central Government of India in
terms of sub-section (11) of section 143 of the Act, we give in Annexure- A, a statement on the matters specified in the
paragraph 3 and 4 of the Order, to the extent applicable.
2. As required by Section 143 (3) of the Act, we report that:
(a) We have sought and obtained all the information and explanations which to the best of our knowledge and belief were
necessary for the purposes of our audit.
(b) In our opinion proper books of account as required by law have been kept by the Company so far as it appears from our
examination of those books;
(c) The balance Sheet, the statement of Profit and Loss Accounts including other comprehensive Income, Statement of Changes
of Equity and statement of cash Flow statement dealt with by this Report are in agreement with the books of account;
(d) In our opinion, the aforesaid financial statements comply with the Ind AS specified under Section 133 of the Act, read with
Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014;
(e) On the basis of the written representations received from the directors as on 31 March 2024 and taken on record by the
Board of Directors, none of the directors is disqualified as on 31 March 2024 from being appointed as a director in terms of
Section 164 (2) of the Act;
(f) With respect to report on the adequacy of the Internal Financial Control over financial reporting ot the Company and the
operating effectiveness of such controls, refer to our Separate report in “Annexure -B’.
(g) With respect to the matters to be included in the Auditor’s Report in accordance with the requirements of Section 197(16) of
the act as amended:
In our opinion and to the best of our information and according to the explanation given to us, no remuneration was paid by the
Company to its director during the Year is in accordance with the Provisions of Section 197 ol the Act.
(h) With respect to the other matters to be included in the Auditor’s Report in accordance with Rule 11 of the Companies (Audit
and Auditors) Rules, 2014, in our opinion and to the best of our information and according to the explanations given to us:
1. The Company does not have any pending litigations on its financial position in its financial statements.
ii. The Company does not have any material foreseeable losses.
iii. The Company does not require to transfer any amount to the Investor Education and Protection Fund.
iv. The Management has represented, that to the best of their knowledge and belief no fund (which are material either
individually or in aggregate) have been advances or invested (either from borrowed funds or share premium or any other sources
or kind of funds) by the company , to or in any other person or entity, including foreign entity (“intermediaries”) with the
understanding whether recorded in writing or otherwise that the intermediary shall, directly or indirectly lend or invest in other
persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the company (“ultimate beneficiaries ) or provide any
guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the ultimate Beneficiaries.
v. The Management has represented, that to the best of their knowledge and belief no fund (which are material either
individually or in aggregate) have been received by the company from any person or entity, including foreign entities ( funding
parties”) with the understanding whether recorded in writing or otherwise that the Company shall, directly or indirectly lend or
invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding party (“ultimate
beneficiaries”) or provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the ultimate Beneficiaries.
vi. Based on the Audit procedures perfonned that have been considered reasonable or appropriate in the circumstances, nothing
has came to our notice that has caused us to believe that the representation under Sub Clause (i) and (ii) of rule 11(e) as provided
under (iv) and (v) above, contain material misstatement.
vii. The Company has not declared any dividend during the Year.
2. As required by the Companies (Auditor’s Report ) order 2020 (“the order”) issued by the central Government in term of
Section 143(11) issued by the central Government in term of section 143(11) of the Act, we give in “Annexure B” a statement
on the matters specified in paragraphs 3 and 4 of the Order.
For, MOHAN & RAVI
Chartered Accountants
v
VENKlTESVVARAN T N
PARTNER
Firm Registration No. 05167S
Membership No. 211768
UDIN: 24217768BKIIIGB4366
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