3.9 Provisions

Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of
a past event, it is probable that the Company will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate
can be made of the amount of the obligation.

The amount recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present
obligation at the end of the reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the
obligation. When a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its
carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows (when the effect of the time value of money is
material).

When some or all of the economic benefits required to settle a provision are expected to be recovered from
a third party, a receivable is recognised as an asset if it is virtually certain that reimbursement will be received
and the amount of the receivable can be measured reliably.

3.10 Segmental Reporting:

As the Company operates in a single business segment (i.e.) Development of commercial and residential
properties, segmental reporting is not provided.

3.11 Financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised when an entity becomes a party to the contractual
provisions of the instruments.

Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly
attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets
and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value of the
financial assets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable
to the acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are recognised
immediately in profit or loss.

3.12 Financial assets

All regular way purchases or sales of financial assets are recognised and derecognised on a trade date
basis. Regular way purchases or sales are purchases or sales of financial assets that require delivery of
assets within the time frame established by regulation or convention in the marketplace.

All recognised financial assets are subsequently measured in their entirety at either amortised cost or fair
value, depending on the classification of the financial assets.

3.12.1 Classification of financial assets

Debt instruments that meet the following conditions are subsequently measured at amortised cost (except
for debt instruments that are designated as at fair value through profit or loss on initial recognition):

• the asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets in order to collect contractual
cash flows; and

• the contractual terms of the instrument give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely
payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

For the impairment policy on financial assets measured at amortised cost, refer Note 3.8

Debt instruments that meet the following conditions are subsequently measured at fair value through other
comprehensive income (except for debt instruments that are designated as at fair value through profit or loss
on initial recognition):

• the asset is held within a business model whose objective is achieved both by collecting contractual
cash flows and selling financial assets; and

• the contractual terms of the instrument give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely
payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

Interest income is recognised in profit or loss for FVTOCI debt instruments. For the purposes of recognising
foreign exchange gains and losses, FVTOCI debt instruments are treated as financial assets measured at
amortised cost. Thus, the exchange differences on the amortised cost are recognised in profit or loss and
other changes in the fair value of FVTOCI financial assets are recognised in other comprehensive income
and accumulated under the heading of 'Reserve for debt instruments through other comprehensive income'.
When the investment is disposed of the cumulative gain or loss previously accumulated in this reserve is
reclassified to profit or loss.

All other financial assets are subsequently measured at fair value.

3.12.2 Effective interest method

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a debt instrument and of
allocating interest income over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts
estimated future cash receipts (including all fees and points paid or received that form an integral part of the
effective interest rate, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the
debt instrument, or, where appropriate, a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition.

Income is recognised on an effective interest basis for debt instruments other than those financial assets
classified as at FVTPL. Interest income is recognised in profit or loss and is included in the “Other income”
line item.

3.12.3 Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)

Investments in Mutual Funds are classified as at FVTPL. Investments in equity instruments are classified as
at FVTPL, unless the Company irrevocably elects on initial recognition to present subsequent changes in fair
value in other comprehensive income for investments in equity instruments which are not held for trading
(see note 3.3 above).

Debt instruments that do not meet the amortised cost criteria or FVTOCI criteria (see above) are measured
at FVTPL. In addition, debt instruments that meet the amortised cost criteria or the FVTOCI criteria but are
designated as at FVTPL are measured at FVTPL.

A financial asset that meets the amortised cost criteria or debt instruments that meet the FVTOCI criteria may
be designated as at FVTPL upon initial recognition if such designation eliminates or significantly reduces a
measurement or recognition inconsistency that would arise from measuring assets or liabilities or recognising
the gains and losses on them on different bases. The Company has not designated any debt instrument as
at FVTPL.

Financial assets at FVTPL are measured at fair value at the end of each reporting period, with any gains or
losses arising on remeasurement recognised in profit or loss. The net gain or loss recognised in profit or loss
incorporates any dividend or interest earned on the financial asset and is included in the 'Other income' line
item. Dividend on financial assets at FVTPL is recognised when the Company's right to receive the dividends
is established, it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the dividend will flow to the entity, the
dividend does not represent a recovery of part of cost of the investment and the amount of dividend can be
measured reliably.

3.12.4 Impairment of financial assets

The Company applies the expected credit loss model for recognising impairment loss on financial assets
measured at amortised cost, debt instruments at FVTOCI, lease receivables, trade receivables, other
contractual rights to receive cash or other financial asset, and financial guarantees not designated as at
FVTPL.

Expected credit losses are the weighted average of credit losses with the respective risks of default occurring
as the weights. Credit loss is the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company
in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the Company expects to receive (i.e. all cash

shortfalls), discounted at the original effective interest rate (or credit-adjusted effective interest rate for
purchased or originated credit-impaired financial assets). The Company estimates cash flows by considering
all contractual terms of the financial instrument (for example, prepayment, extension, call and similar options)
through the expected life of that financial instrument.

The Company measures the loss allowance for a financial instrument at an amount equal to the lifetime
expected credit losses if the credit risk on that financial instrument has increased significantly since initial
recognition. If the credit risk on a financial instrument has not increased significantly since initial recognition,
the Company measures the loss allowance for that financial instrument at an amount equal to 12-month
expected credit losses. 12-month expected credit losses are portion of the life-time expected credit losses
and represent the lifetime cash shortfalls that will result if default occurs within the 12 months after the
reporting date and thus, are not cash shortfalls that are predicted over the next 12 months.

If the Company measured loss allowance for a financial instrument at lifetime expected credit loss model in
the previous period, but determines at the end of a reporting period that the credit risk has not increased
significantly since initial recognition due to improvement in credit quality as compared to the previous period,
the Company again measures the loss allowance based on 12-month expected credit losses.

When making the assessment of whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk since initial
recognition, the Company uses the change in the risk of a default occurring over the expected life of the
financial instrument instead of the change in the amount of expected credit losses. To make that assessment,
the Company compares the risk of a default occurring on the financial instrument as at the reporting date with
the risk of a default occurring on the financial instrument as at the date of initial recognition and considers
reasonable and supportable information, that is available without undue cost or effort, that is indicative of
significant increases in credit risk since initial recognition.

For trade receivables or any contractual right to receive cash or another financial asset that result from
transactions that are within the scope of Ind AS 11 and Ind AS 18, the Company always measures the loss
allowance at an amount equal to lifetime expected credit losses.

Further, for the purpose of measuring lifetime expected credit loss allowance for trade receivables, the Company
has used a practical expedient as permitted under Ind AS 109. This expected credit loss allowance is computed
based on a provision matrix which takes into account historical credit loss experience and adjusted for
forward-looking information.

The impairment requirements for the recognition and measurement of a loss allowance are equally applied
to debt instruments at FVTOCI except that the loss allowance is recognised in other comprehensive income
and is not reduced from the carrying amount in the balance sheet.

3.13 Financial liabilities and equity instruments

3.13.1 Classification as debt or equity

Debt and equity instruments issued by a Company entity are classified as either financial liabilities or as
equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangements and the definitions of a financial
liability and an equity instrument.

3.13.2 Equity instruments

An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity after deducting
all of its liabilities. Equity instruments issued by a Company entity are recognised at the proceeds received,
net of direct issue costs.

Repurchase of the Company's own equity instruments is recognised and deducted directly in equity. No gain
or loss is recognised in profit or loss on the purchase, sale, issue or cancellation of the Company's own
equity instruments.

3.13.3 Compound financial instruments

The component parts of compound financial instruments (convertible notes) issued by the Company are
classified separately as financial liabilities and equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual
arrangements and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument. A conversion option that will
be settled by the exchange of a fixed amount of cash or another financial asset for a fixed number of the
Company's own equity instruments is an equity instrument.

At the date of issue, the fair value of the liability component is estimated using the prevailing market interest
rate for similar non-convertible instruments. This amount is recognised as a liability on an amortised cost
basis using the effective interest method until extinguished upon conversion or at the instrument's maturity
date.

The conversion option classified as equity is determined by deducting the amount of the liability component
from the fair value of the compound financial instrument as a whole. This is recognised and included in
equity, net of income tax effects, and is not subsequently remeasured. In addition, the conversion option
classified as equity will remain in equity until the conversion option is exercised, in which case, the balance
recognised in equity will be transferred to other component of equity. When the conversion option remains
unexercised at the maturity date of the convertible note, the balance recognised in equity will be transferred
to retained earnings. No gain or loss is recognised in profit or loss upon conversion or expiration of the
conversion option.

Transaction costs that relate to the issue of the convertible notes are allocated to the liability and equity
components in proportion to the allocation of the gross proceeds. Transaction costs relating to the equity
component are recognised directly in equity. Transaction costs relating to the liability component are included
in the carrying amount of the liability component and are amortised over the lives of the convertible notes
using the effective interest method.

3.13.4 Financial liabilities

All financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method or at
FVTPL.

However, financial liabilities that arise when a transfer of a financial asset does not qualify for derecognition
or when the continuing involvement approach applies, financial guarantee contracts issued by the Company,
and commitments issued by the Company to provide a loan at below-market interest rate are measured in
accordance with the specific accounting policies set out below.

3.13.4.1 Financial liabilities at FVTPL

Financial liabilities are classified as at FVTPL when the financial liability is either contingent consideration
recognised by the Company as an acquirer in a business combination to which Ind AS 103 applies or is held
for trading or it is designated as at FVTPL.

A financial liability is classified as held for trading if:

• it has been incurred principally for the purpose of repurchasing it in the near term; or

• on initial recognition it is part of a portfolio of identified financial instruments that the Company manages
together and has a recent actual pattern of short-term profit-taking; or

• it is a derivative that is not designated and effective as a hedging instrument.

A financial liability other than a financial liability held for trading or contingent consideration recognised by the
Company as an acquirer in a business combination to which Ind AS 103 applies, may be designated as at
FVTPL upon initial recognition if:

• such designation eliminates or significantly reduces a measurement or recognition inconsistency that
would otherwise arise;

• the financial liability forms part of a Company of financial assets or financial liabilities or both, which is
managed and its performance is evaluated on a fair value basis, in accordance with the Company's
documented risk management or investment strategy, and information about the Companying is provided
internally on that basis; or

• it forms part of a contract containing one or more embedded derivatives, and Ind AS 109 permits the
entire combined contract to be designated as at FVTPL in accordance with Ind AS 109.

Financial liabilities at FVTPL are stated at fair value, with any gains or losses arising on remeasurement
recognised in profit or loss. The net gain or loss recognised in profit or loss incorporates any interest paid on
the financial liability and is included in the 'Other income' line item.

However, for non-held-for-trading financial liabilities that are designated as at FVTPL, the amount of change
in the fair value of the financial liability that is attributable to changes in the credit risk of that liability is
recognised in other comprehensive income, unless the recognition of the effects of changes in the liability's
credit risk in other comprehensive income would create or enlarge an accounting mismatch in profit or loss,
in which case these effects of changes in credit risk are recognised in profit or loss. The remaining amount of
change in the fair value of liability is always recognised in profit or loss. Changes in fair value attributable to
a financial liability's credit risk that are recognised in other comprehensive income are reflected immediately
in retained earnings and are not subsequently reclassified to profit or loss.

Gains or losses on financial guarantee contracts and loan commitments issued by the Company that are
designated by the Company as at fair value through profit or loss are recognised in profit or loss.

3.13.4.2 Financial liabilities subsequently measured at amortised cost

Financial liabilities that are not held-for-trading and are not designated as at FVTPL are measured at amortised
cost at the end of subsequent accounting periods. The carrying amounts of financial liabilities that are

subsequently measured at amortised cost are determined based on the effective interest method. Interest
expense that is not capitalised as part of costs of an asset is included in the 'Finance costs' line item.

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial liability and of
allocating interest expense over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts
estimated future cash payments (including all fees and points paid or received that form an integral part of
the effective interest rate, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of
the financial liability, or (where appropriate) a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition.

3.13.4.3 Derecognition of financial liabilities

The Company derecognises financial liabilities when, and only when, the Company's obligations are
discharged, cancelled or have expired. An exchange between with a lender of debt instruments with
substantially different terms is accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the
recognition of a new financial liability. Similarly, a substantial modification of the terms of an existing financial
liability (whether or not attributable to the financial difficulty of the debtor) is accounted for as an extinguishment
of the original financial liability and the recognition of a new financial liability. The difference between the
carrying amount of the financial liability derecognised and the consideration paid and payable is recognised
in profit or loss.

3.14 Impairment of financial assets

The Company has applied the impairment requirements of Ind AS 109 retrospectively; however, as permitted
by Ind AS 101, it has used reasonable and supportable information that is available without undue cost or
effort to determine the credit risk at the date that financial instruments were initially recognised in order to
compare it with the credit risk at the transition date. Further, the Company has not undertaken an exhaustive
search for information when determining, at the date of transition to Ind ASs, whether there have been
significant increases in credit risk since initial recognition, as permitted by Ind AS 101.

In terms of our report attached For and on behalf of the Board of Directors

for Sanjiv Shah & Associates MAHENDRA K MAHER CHIRAG N. MAHER

Chartered Accountants, Chairman Managing Director

FRN: 003572S DIN: 00078348 DIN: 00078373

CA. JAINENDAR P

Partner, Membership No. 239804 ^{JITESH D MAHER KHADIJA SHABBIR BHARMAL}

Chief Financial Officer Company Secretary

^Place : ^Chennai ACS Mem. No. A59608

Date : 23-05-2024