2.7 Provisions, contingent liabilities, contingent assets and onerous contracts:

Provisions:

Provisions are recognized when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as
a result of a past event and it is probable that the outflow of resources embodying economic
benefits will be required to settled the obligation in respect of which reliable estimate can be made
of the amount of the obligation. When the Company expects some or all of a provision to be
reimbursed, the expense relating to provision presented in the statement of profit & loss is net of
any reimbursement.

If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are disclosed using a current pre
tax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risk specific to the liability. When discounting is used,
the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognized as finance cost.
Contingent liability is disclosed in the notes in case of:

There is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed
only by the occurrence or non- occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly
within the control of the Company.

A present obligation arising from past event, when it is not probable that as outflow of resources
will be required to settle the obligation.

A present obligation arises from the past event, when no reliable estimate is possible.

A present obligation arises from the past event, unless the probability of outflow are remote.
Commitments include the amount of purchase order (net of advances) issued to parties for
completion of assets.

Provisions, contingent liabilities, contingent assets and commitments are reviewed at each balance
sheet date.

Onerous contracts:

A provision for onerous contracts is measured at the present value of the lower expected cost of
terminating the contract and the expected cost of continuing with the contract. Before a provision
is established, the Company recognizes the impairment on the assets with the contract.
Contingent assets:

Contingent assets are not recognized in the Standalone financial statements.

2.8 Useful lives of depreciable assets:

Management reviews the useful lives of depreciable assets at each reporting period. As at March
31,2025 management assessed that the useful lives represent the expected utility of the assets to
the Company.

Further, there is no significant change in the useful lives as compared to previous year.

2.9 Functional and presentation currency:

These financial statements are presented in Indian rupees, which is also the functional currency
of the Company. All financial information presented in Indian rupees.

Foreign currencies:

In preparing the financial statements of the Company transactions in currencies other than the
entity's functional currency (foreign curriencies) are recognised at the rates of exchange prevailing
at the dates of transactions. At the end of each reporting period, monetary items denominated in
foreign curriencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at that date. Non-Monetray items
carried at fair value that are denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates
prevailing at the date when fair value was determined. Non-monetary items that are measured in
terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are not retranslated.

For the purpose of presenting these financial statements, the assets and liabilities of the Company's
foreign operations are translated into currency units using exchange rates prevailing at the end of
each reporting period.

2.10 Property, plant and equipment:

Recognition and measurement:

Property, Plant and Equipment are stated at cost of acquisition or construction less accumulated
depreciation and impairment loss, if any. Cost includes expenditures that are directly attributable
to the acquisition of the asset i.e., freight, duties and taxes applicable and other expenses related
to acquisition and installation. The cost of self-constructed assets includes the cost of materials
and other costs directly attributable to bringing the asset to a working condition for its intended
use. Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the construction or production of a qualifying
asset are capitalized as part of the cost of that asset. When parts of an item of property, plant and
equipment have different useful lives, they are accounted for as separate items (major components)
of property, plant and equipment.

Gains and losses upon disposal of an item of property, plant and equipment are determined by
comparing the proceeds from disposal with the carrying amount of property, plant and equipment
and are recognized net within in the statement of profit and loss.

The cost of replacing part of an item of property, plant and equipment is recognized in the carrying
amount of the item if it is probable that the future economic benefits embodied within the part will
flow to the Company and its cost can be measured reliably. The costs of repairs and maintenance
are recognized in the statement of profit and loss as incurred.

Items of property, plant and equipment acquired through exchange of non-monetary assets are
measured at fair value, unless the exchange transaction lacks commercial substance or the fair
value of either the asset received or asset given up is not reliably measurable, in which case the
asset exchanged is recorded at the carrying amount of the asset given up. Property, Plant and
Equipment which are not ready for inteded use as on the date of balance sheet are disclosed as
“Capital Work-in-Progress”. Intangible assets with finite useful lives that are acquired separately
are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses.
Intangible assets acquired separately:

Intangible assets with finite useful lives that are acuired separately are carried at cost less
accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairement losses. Amortisation is recognised on a
straight line basis over their estimated useful lives. The estimated useful life and amortisation
method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in
estimate being accounted for on a prospective basis. Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives
that are acquired separately are carried at cost less accumulated impairement losses.
Depreciation:

Depreciation is recognized in the statement of profit and loss on Straight Line basis over the
estimated useful lives of property, plant and equipment based on Schedule - II to the Companies Act,
2013 (“Schedule”), which prescribes the useful lives for various classes of tangible assets. For
assets acquired or disposed off during the year, depreciation is provided on pro rata basis. Land
is not depreciated. Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at the end
of each reporting period with the effect of any changes in estimated useful lives residual values
and impairment loss, if any, and are accounted for on a prospective basis.

Impairement of tangible and intangible assets other than goodwill:

At the end of each reporting period, the Company reviews that carrying amounts of its tangible and
intangible assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an
impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in
order to determine the extent of the impairement loss (if any). When it is not possible to estimate the
recoverable amount of an individual asset, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the
cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs. When a reasonable and consistent basis of
allocation can be identified, corporate asssets are also allocated to individual cash-generating
units, or otherwise they are allocated to the smallest Company of cash-generating units for which
a reasonable and consisitent allocation basis can be identified.

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives and intangible assets not yet available for use are
tested for impairement at least annually, and whenever there is an indication that the asset may be
impaired.

Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. In assessing
value in use, the estimated future cashflows are discounted to their present value using a pre tax
discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of the money and the risks
specific to the asset for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.
If the recoverable amount of an asset (or cash-generating unit) is estimated to be less than its
carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset (or cash-generating unit) is reduced to its
recoverable amount. An impairement loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss.

When an imparment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset (or a cash
generating unit) is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but so that the

increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined
had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset (or cash-generating unit) in prior years. A
reversal of an impairement loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss.

2.11 Leases:

At the inception of the contract the Company determines whether the Contract is a Lease or Lease
arrangement. A Contract is, or contains, a Lease if the Contract conveys the right to control the use
of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

The Company recognises right of use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for
the Lease commencement date.

The Company assesses whether a contract contains a lease, at inception of a contract. A contract
is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for
a period of time in exchange for consideration. To assess whether a contract conveys the right to
control the use of an identified asset, the Company assesses whether: (i) the contract involves the
use of an identified asset (ii) the Company has substantially all of the economic benefits from use
of the asset through the period of the lease and (iii) the Company has the right to direct the use of
the asset. The Company uses significant judgement in assessing the lease term (including anticipated
renewals) and the applicable discount rate. The determination of whether an arrangement is (or
contains) a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at the inception of the lease. The
arrangement is, or contains, a lease if fulfilment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a
specific asset or assets and the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset or assets, even if
that right is not explicitly specified in an arrangement. Right of use asset is depreciated using
staight line method over useful life of right of asset.

The Company measures the Lease liability at the present value of Lease payments that are not paid
at the commencement date of Lease. The Lease payments are discounted using the Interest rate
implicit in the Lease, if that cannot be readily determined the Company uses Incremental borrowing
rate.

Right of use asset is depreciated using staight line method over useful life of right of asset.
The Company has elected not to apply in Ind As 116 to short term leases of all assets that have a
lease term of 12 months or less and leases for which the undelying asset is of no value. The lease
payments in such cases associated with these Leases are recognised as expenses on a straight
line basis over the lease term.

Lease liability and ROU asset have been separately presented in the Balance Sheet and lease
payments have been classified as financing cash flows wherever applicable.

2.12 Financial instruments:

A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial
liability or equity instrument of another entity.

A. Financial assets:

i. Initial recognition:

In the case of financial assets, not recorded at fair value through profit or loss (FVPL),
financial assets are recognized initially at fair value plus transaction costs that are directly
attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. Purchases or Sales of financial assets
that require delivery of assets within a time frame established by regulation or convention in
the market place (regular way trades) are recognized on the trade date, i.e., the date that the
Company commits to purchase or sell the asset.

ii. Subsequent measurement:

For purposes of subsequent measurement, financial assets are classified in the following

categories:

a. Financial assets at amortized cost:

Financial assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost if these financial assets
are held within a business model with an objective to hold these assets in order to collect
contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on
specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the
principal amount outstanding. Interest income from these financial assets is included in
finance income using the effective interest rate (“EIR”) method. Impairment gains or losses
arising on these assets are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

b. Financial assets measured at fair value:

Financial assets are measured at fair value through OCI if these financial assets are held
within a business model with an objective to hold these assets in order to collect contractual
cash flows or to sell these financial assets and the contractual terms of the financial asset
give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and
interest on the principal amount outstanding. Movements in the carrying amount are taken
through OCI, except for the recognition of impairment gains or losses, interest revenue and
foreign exchange gains and losses which are recognized in the Statement of Profit and
Loss. Investment in Equity Instruments are designated as Financial Assets measured at
fair value through OCI and Investments in Mutual Funds are designated as Financial Assets
measured at fair value through statement of Profit and Loss on date of transition.

c. Impairment of financial assets:

In accordance with Ind AS 109, expected credit loss (ECL) model for measurement and
recognition of impairment loss on the trade receivables or any contractual right to receive
cash or another financial asset that result from transactions that are within the scope of
Ind AS 18. As Company trade receivables are realized within normal credit period adopted
by the Company, hence the financial assets are not impaired.

d. De-recognition of financial assets:

The Company de-recognizes a financial asset only when the contractual rights to the cash
flows from the asset expire, or it transfers the financial asset and substantially all risks
and rewards of ownership of the asset to another entity. If the Company neither transfers
nor retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership and continues to control
the transferred asset, the Company recognizes its retained interest in the assets and an
associated liability for amounts it may have to pay. If the Company retains substantially all
the risks and rewards of ownership of a transferred financial asset, the Company continues
to recognize the financial asset and also recognizes a collateralized borrowing for the
proceeds received.

e. Other financial assets:

In respect of its other financial assets, the Company assesses if the credit risk on those
financial assets has increased significantly since initial recognition. If the credit risk has
not increased significantly since initial recognition, the Company measures the loss
allowance at an amount equal to 12-month expected credit losses, else at an amount equal
to the lifetime expected credit losses.

B. Financial liabilities:

Financial liabilities and equity instruments issued by the Company are classified according
to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into and the definitions of a financial
liability and an equity instrument.

i. Initial recognition:

Financial liabilities are classified, at initial recognition, as financial liabilities at FVPL, loans and
borrowings and payables as appropriate. All financial liabilities are recognized initially at fair
value and in the case of loans and borrowings and payables, net of directly attributable
transaction costs. Fees of recurring nature are directly recognised in the statement of profit
and loss as finance cost.

ii. Subsequent measurement:

The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:
a. Financial liabilities at FVPL:

Financial liabilities at FVPL include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities
designated upon initial recognition as at FVPL. Financial liabilities are classified as held for
trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term. Gains or
Losses on liabilities held for trading are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

iii. De-recognition of financial liabilities:

Financial liabilities are de-recognised when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged,
cancelled or expired. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same
lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially
modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as de-recognition of the original liability
and recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognized
in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Impairment of non-financial assets:

Intangible assets and property, plant and equipment are evaluated for recoverability whenever
events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may not be
recoverable. For the purpose of impairment testing, the recoverable amount (i.e. the higher of
the fair value less cost to sell and the value-in-use) is determined on an individual asset basis
unless the asset does not generate cash flows that are largely independent of those from
other assets. In such cases, the recoverable amount is determined for the Cash Generated
Units (CGU) to which the asset belongs. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the
impairment to be recognized in the statement of profit and loss is measured by the amount by
which the carrying value of the assets exceeds the estimated recoverable amount of the
asset. An impairment loss is reversed in the statement of profit and loss if there has been a
change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. The carrying amount of
the asset is increased to its revised recoverable amount, provided that this amount does not
exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined (net of any accumulated
amortization or depreciation) had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior
years.

2.13 Cash and cash equivalents:

Cash and Bank balances comprise of cash balance in hand, in current accounts with banks and
Bank Fixed Deposits with maturity of 3 months or less than 3 months. Balances with banks

earmarked for a purpose (like dividends) are shown seperately.

Cash flow statement:

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, where by profit before tax is adjusted for the
effects of transactions of a non-cash nature, any deferrals or accruals of past or future operating
cash receipts or payment and items of income or expenses associated with investing or fianancing
cash flows. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are
segregated.

2.14 Employee benefits:

Short term employee benefits:

Short-term employee benefits are expensed as the related service is provided. A liability is recognised
for the amount expected to be paid if the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation to
pay this amount as a result of past service provided by the employee and the obligation can be
estimated reliably.

Defined contribution plan:

The Company's contributions to defined contribution plans are charged to the statement of profit
and loss as and when the services are received from the employees.

For defined benefit retirement benefit plans, the cost of providing benefits is determined using the
projected unit credit method, with acturial valuations being carried out at the end of each annual
reporting period. Remeasurement, comprising acturial gains and losses,the effect of the changes
to the asset ceiling (if applicable) and the return on plan assets (excluding interest), is reflected
immediately in the statement of financial position with a charge or credit recognised in other
comprehensive income in the period in which they occur.

Defined contribution benefits:

The Company has an obligation towards gratuity, a defined benefit plan covering eligible employees.
The plan provides for lump sum payment on retirement, death while in employment or on seperation.

2.15 Borrowing cost:

Borrowing costs are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss except in cases where the
borrowings are directly attributable to the acquisition. Construction or production of qualifying
assets which are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their
inteneded use or sale, are added to the cost of those assets, until such time as the assets are
substantially ready for their intended use or sale.

2.16 Government grants:

Ind AS 20 gives an option to present the grants related to assets, including nonmonetary grants at
fair value in the balance sheet either by setting up the grant as deferred income or by deducting the
grant in arriving at the carrying amount of the asset. Accordingly Sales Tax Deferment amount
payable to Department has been considered as Government Grant and considered the interest
expenses and amortization benefit in Profit and Loss Account and Balance Sheet.

2.17 Estimates and assumptions:

The preparation of the Company's financial statements requires management to make judgements,
estimates and assumptions that effect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and
liabilities, and the accompanying disclosures, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities.
Uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in outcomes that require a material
adjustment to the carrying amount of assets or liabilities affected in future periods.

2.18 Revenue recognition:

Revenue from contracts with customers which establishes a comprehensive framework for
determining whether, how much and when revenue is to be recognised.

Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable and is recognised
when it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the
Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably. Revenue is net of returns and is
reduced for rebates, trade discounts, refunds and any other taxes collected on behalf of government
such as GST etc.

Sale of goods:

Revenue from sale of goods is recognised when a promise in a customer contract (performance
obligation) has been satisfied by transferring control over the promised goods to the customer.
Control is usually transferred upon shipment, delivery to, upon receipt of goods by the customer,
in accordance with the delivery and acceptance terms agreed with the customers. The amount
of revenue to be recognised is based on the consideration expected to be received in exchange
for goods, net of trade discounts, volume discounts, sales returns and any taxes or duties
collected on behalf of the government which are levied on sales such as sales tax, value added
tax, goods and services tax, etc., where applicable. Invoices are payable within contractually
agreed credit period. Any additional amounts based on terms of agreement entered into with
customers, is recognised in the period when the collectability becomes probable and a reliable
measure of the same is vailable.

Sale of services:

Revenue from rendering of services is recognised by measuring the progress towards complete
satisfaction of performance obligations at the reporting period and there are no unfulfilled
obligations.

Other income:

Other income includes Dividend, Interest, Profit/ (Loss) on sale of Investments, Commission,
Professional and Technical Services and other miscellaneous receipts if any. Dividend income
from investments is recognized when the Company's right to receive payment has been
established (provided that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and
the amount of income can be measured reliably). Interest income from a financial asset is
recognized when it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the
amount of income can be measured reliably. Interest income is accrued on time proportionate
basis, by reference to the principle outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable.
Commission income is recognised when the economic benefits associated with the transaction
will flow to the entity or the amount of revenue can be measured reliably.

When the transaction involving the rendering of services is estimated reliably, revenue associated
with the transaction shall be recognised by reference to the stage of completion of the transaction
at the end of the reporting period. The outcome of the transactions can be estimated reliably
when all the following conditions are satisfied: (a) the amount of revenue can be measured
reliably; (b) it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to
the entity; (c) the stage of completion of the transaction at the end of the reporting period can be
measured reliably; and (d) the costs incurred for the transaction and the costs to complete the
transaction can be measured reliably.

2.19 Income tax:

Current tax:

Current income tax is recognised based on the estimated tax liability computed after considering
the tax effect under new tax regime u/s 115 BAA opted by the Company and taking credit for

allowances and exemptions in accordance with the Income Tax Act, 1961. Current income tax
assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the
taxation authorities. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are
enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date.

Deferred tax:

Deferred tax is determined by applying the Balance Sheet approach. Deferred tax is
recognised on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in
the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable
profit. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences.
Deferred tax assets are generally recognised for all deductible temporary differences to the
extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available aginst which those deductible
temporary differences can be utilised. Such deferred tax assets and liabilities are not recognised
if the temporary difference arises from the intial recognition (other than in a business combination)
of assets and liabilities in a transaction that effects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting
profit. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to
offset current tax assets and liabilities. Current tax assets and tax liabilities are offset where
the entity has a legally enforceable right to offset and intends either to settle on a net basis, or
to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

Minimum alternative tax ("MAT"):

Minimum alternative tax ("MAT") credit is recognised as an asset only when and to the extent
there is convincing evidence that the company will pay normal income tax during the specified
period. Such asset is reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and the carrying amount of MAT
credit asset is written down to the extent there is no longer a convincing evidence to the effect
that the company will pay normal income tax during the specified period.

2.20 Earnings per share:

The Company presents basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) data for its ordinary shares.
Basic earnings per share are computed by dividing the net profit after tax by the weighted average
number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by
dividing the profit after tax by the weighted average number of equity shares considered for
deriving basic earnings per share and also the weighted average number of equity shares that
could have been issued upon conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares.

2.21 Inventories:

Inventories are valued at lower of cost, determined on “Weighted average” basis and net realisable
value. Costs incurred in bringing each product to its present location and condition are accounted
for as follows:

Raw materials, packing materials, stores, spares and consumables: cost includes cost of purchase
and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.
Finished goods and work-in-progress: cost includes direct materials, labour and a proportion of
manufacturing overheads based on the normal operating capacity, but excludes borrowing costs.
Stock-in-trade: cost includes cost of purchase and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories
to their present location and condition.

Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated
costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale. The net realisable value of
work-in-progress is determined with reference to the selling prices of related finished products.

Raw materials, components and other supplies held for use in the production of finished products
are not written down below cost except in cases where material prices have declined and it is
estimated that the cost of the finished products will exceed their net realisable value.

The comparison of cost and net realisable value is made on an item-by-item basis.

2.22 Trade receivables:

A receivable is recognised if an amount of consideration that is unconditional (i.e. only the passage
of time is required before payment of the consideration is due). The Management has established a
credit policy under which each new customer is analysed individually for credit worthiness
before the Company's standard payment terms ranging from the date of invoice to 180 days are
offered. Terms of payment for sale of services are ranging from on presentation of bill to 180 days.
In respect of trade receivables, the Company applies the simplified approach of Ind AS 109 ‘Financial
Instruments', which requires measurement of loss allowance at an amount equal to lifetime expected
credit losses. Lifetime expected credit losses are the expected credit losses that result from all
possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument.

2.23 Trade and other payables:

These amounts represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the Company prior to the
end of the financial year which are unpaid. The amounts are unsecured and are presented as
current liabilities unless payment is not due within twelve months after the reporting period. They
are recognized initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost using the
effective interest method.

2.24 Fair value of investments:

The Company has invested in the equity instruments of various companies. However, the
percentage of shareholding of the Company in such investee companies is very low and hence,
it has not been provided with future projections including projected profit and loss account by
those investee companies. Hence, the valuation exercise carried out by the Company with the
help of available historical annual reports and other information in the public domain.

2.25 New standards and interpretations not yet adopted:

Ministry of Corporate Affairs (“MCA”) notifies new standard or amendments to the existing standards
under Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules as issued from time to time. For the year
ended March 31, 2025, MCA has not notified any new standards or amendments to the existing
standards applicable to the Company.

2.26 Segment accounting and reporting:

The chief operational decision maker monitors the operating results of its business segments
separately for the purpose of making decisions about resource allocation and performance
assessment. Segment performance is evaluated based on profit and loss and is measured
consistently with profit and loss in the standalone financial statements.

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the
chief operating decision maker (CODM).

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with the accounting policies
adopted for preparing and presenting the Standalone Financial Statements of the Company as a
whole. In addition, the following specific accounting policies have been followed for segment
reporting:**Segment revenue includes sales and other income directly identifiable with / allocable to
the segment including inter segment transfers. Inter segment transfers are accounted for based on
the transaction price agreed to between the segments which is at cost in case of transfer of

Company's intermediate and final products and estimated realisable value in case of by-products.
**Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities are identified to segments on the basis of their relationship
to the operating activities of the segment. Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to
the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on direct and/or on a reasonable basis,
have been disclosed as “Unallocable”.

2.27 Assets (or disposal group) held for sale and discontinued operation:

Assets (or disposal group) are classified as held for sale if their carrying amounts will be recovered
principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use and a sale is considered
highly probable. Assets held for sale are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and the
fair value less costs to sell.

An impairment loss is recognized for any initial or subsequent write-down of the asset (or disposal
group) to fair value less costs to sell. A gain is recognized for any subsequent increases in fair
value less costs to sell of an asset (or disposal group), but not in excess of any cumulative
impairment loss previously recognized. A gain or loss not previously recognized by the date of the
sale of the non-current asset (or disposal group) is recognized at the date of de-recognition.
Assets (including those that are part of a disposal group) are not depreciated or amortised while
they are classified as held for sale. Interest and other expenses attributable to the liabilities of a
disposal group classified as held for sale continue to be recognised.

Assets classified as held for sale and the assets of a disposal group classified as held for sale are
presented separately from the other assets in the balance sheet. The liabilities of a disposal group
classified as held for sale are presented separately from other liabilities in the balance sheet.

• Represent as separate major line of business or geographical area of operations,

• Is part of a single co-ordinated plan to dispose of a separate major line of business or geographical
area of operations.

Discontinued operations are excluded from the results of continuing operations and are presented
as profit or loss before/ after tax from discontinued operations in the statement of profit and
loss.