(H) Provisions

Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that the Company will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Provisions for restructuring are recognised by the Company when it has developed a detailed formal plan for restructuring and has raised a valid expectation in those affected that the Company will carry out the restructuring by starting to implement the plan or announcing its main features to those affected by it.

Provisions are measured at the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. When a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, it's carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows (when the effect of the time value of money is material). The measurement of provision for restructuring includes only direct expenditures arising from the restructuring, which are both necessarily entailed by the restructuring and not associated with the ongoing activities of the Company.

(I) Employee benefits

Employee benefits include salaries, wages, contribution to provident fund, gratuity, leave encashment towards un availed leave, compensated absences, post-retirement medical benefits and other terminal benefits.

Short-term employee benefits

Wages and salaries, including non-monetary benefits that are expected to be settled within 12 months after the end of the period in which the employees

render the related service are recognised in respect of employees' services up to the end of the reporting period and are measured at the amounts expected to be paid when the liabilities are settled. The liabilities are presented as current employee benefit obligations in the balance sheet as restated.

Post-employment benefits Defined contribution plan

Employee Benefit under defined contribution plans comprises of Contributory provident fund etc. is recognized based on the undiscounted amount of obligations of the Company to contribute to the plan. The same is paid to a fund administered through a separate trust.

Defined benefit plan

Defined benefit plans comprising of gratuity is recognized based on the present value of defined benefit obligations which is computed using the projected unit credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at the end of each annual reporting period. These are accounted either as current employee cost or included in cost of assets as permitted. The net interest cost is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net balance of the defined benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets. This cost is included in employee benefit expense in the statement of profit and loss as restated.

Remeasurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in the period in which they occur, directly in other comprehensive income. They are included in retained earnings in the statement of changes in equity and in the balance sheet as restated.

Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments or curtailments are recognised immediately in profit or loss as past service cost.

Short term employee benefits

Liabilities recognised in respect of short-term employee benefits are measured at the undiscounted amount of the benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the related service. Liabilities recognised in respect of other longterm employee benefits are measured at the present value of the estimated future cash outflows expected to be made by the Company in respect of services provided by employees up to the reporting date.

(J) Financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised when an entity becomes a party to the contractual

provisions of the instrument. Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through Statement of Profit and Loss (FVTPL)) are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit and loss are recognised immediately in Statement of Profit and Loss as restated.

(K) Financial assets

Recognition and initial measurement

The Company initially recognises loans and advances, deposits and debt securities purchased on the date on which they originate. Purchases and sale of financial assets are recognised on the trade date, which is the date on which the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

All financial assets are recognised initially at fair value. In the case of financial assets not recorded at FVTPL, transaction costs that are directly attributable to its acquisition of financial assets are included therein.

Classification of financial assets and Subsequent Measurement

On initial recognition, a financial asset is classified to be measured at -

• Amortised cost; or Fair Value through Other Comprehensive Income (FVTOCI) -debt investment; or

• Fair Value through Other Comprehensive Income (FVTOCI) - equity investment; or

• Fair Value through Profit or Loss (FVTPL)

A financial asset is measured at amortised cost if it meets both of the following conditions and is not designated at FVTPL:

• The asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets to collect contractual cash flows; and

• The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

A debt instrument is classified as FVTOCI only if it meets both of the following conditions and is not recognised at FVTPL:

• The asset is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets; and

• The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

Debt instruments included within the FVTOCI category are measured initially as well as at each reporting date at fair value. Fair value movements are recognised in the Other Comprehensive Income (OCI). However, the Company recognises interest income, impairment losses & reversals and foreign exchange gain or loss in the Statement of Profit and Loss as restated. On derecognition of the asset, cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified from the equity to Statement of Profit and Loss as restated. Interest earned whilst holding FVTOCI debt instrument is reported as interest income using the EIR method.

All equity investments in scope of IND AS 109 are measured at fair value. Equity instruments which are held for trading and contingent consideration recognised by an acquirer in a business combination to which IND AS 103 applies are classified as at FVTPL. For all other equity instruments, the Company may make an irrevocable election to present in other comprehensive income subsequent changes in the fair value. The Company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. The classification is made on initial recognition and is irrevocable.

If the Company decides to classify an equity instrument as at FVTOCI, then all fair value changes on the instrument, excluding dividends, are recognised in the OCI. There is no recycling of the amounts from OCI to Statement of Profit and Loss as restated, even on sale of investment. However, on sale/disposal the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity.

Equity instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss as restated. All other financial assets are classified as measured at FVTPL.

In addition, on initial recognition, the Company may irrevocably designate a financial asset that otherwise meets the requirements to be measured at amortised cost or at FVTOCI as at FVTPL if doing so eliminates or significantly reduces and accounting mismatch

that would otherwise arise. Financial assets at FVTPL are measured at fair value at the end of each reporting period, with any gains and losses arising on remeasurement recognised in statement of profit or loss as restated. The net gain or loss recognised in statement of profit or loss as restated incorporates any dividend or interest earned on the financial asset and is included in the 'other income' line item. Dividend on financial assets at FVTPL is recognised when:

• The Company's right to receive the dividends is established,

• It is probable that the economic benefits associated with the dividends will flow to the entity,

• The dividend does not represent a recovery of part of cost of the investment and the amount of dividend can be measured reliably.

Derecognition of financial assets

The Company derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, or when it transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset to another party.

Impairment

The Company applies the expected credit loss model for recognising impairment loss on financial assets measured at amortised cost, trade receivables, other contractual rights to receive cash or other financial asset. Expected credit losses are the weighted average of credit losses with the respective risks of default occurring as the weights. Credit loss is the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the Company expects to receive (i.e. all cash shortfalls), discounted at the original effective interest rate (or credit-adjusted effective interest rate for purchased or originated credit-impaired financial assets). The Company estimates cash flows by considering all contractual terms of the financial instrument (for example, prepayment, extension, call and similar options) through the expected life of that financial instrument.

The Company measures the loss allowance for a financial instrument at an amount equal to the lifetime expected credit losses if the credit risk on that financial instrument has increased significantly since initial recognition. If the credit risk on a financial instrument has not increased significantly since initial recognition, the Company measures the loss allowance for that financial instrument at an amount equal to 12-month expected credit losses. 12-month expected credit losses are portion of the life-time expected credit

losses and represent the lifetime cash shortfalls that will result if default occurs within the 12 months after the reporting date and thus, are not cash shortfalls that are predicted over the next 12 months.

If the Company measured loss allowance for a financial instrument at lifetime expected credit loss model in the previous year, but determines a the end of a reporting year that the credit risk has not increased significantly since initial recognition due to improvement in credit quality as compared to the previous year, the Company again measures the loss allowance based on 12-month expected credit losses.

When making the assessment of whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, the Company uses the change in the risk of a default occurring over the expected life of the financial instrument instead of the change in the amount of expected credit losses. To make that assessment, the Company compares the risk of a default occurring on the financial instrument as at the reporting date with the risk of a default occurring on the financial instrument as at the date of initial recognition and considers reasonable and supportable information, that is available without undue cost or effort, that is indicative of significant increases in credit risk since initial recognition.

For trade receivables or any contractual right to receive cash or another financial asset that result from transactions that are within the scope of Ind AS 11 and Ind AS 18, the Company always measures the loss allowance at an amount equal to lifetime expected credit losses.

Further, for the purpose of measuring lifetime expected credit loss allowance for trade receivables, the Company has used a practical expedient as permitted under Ind AS 109. This expected credit loss allowance is computed based on a provision matrix which takes into account historical credit loss experience and adjusted for forward-looking information.

(L) Effective interest method

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a debt instrument and allocating interest income over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts (including all fees and points paid or received that form an integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the debt instrument, or, where appropriate, a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition. Income is recognised on an effective interest basis for debt instruments other than those financial assets classified as at FVTPL and Interest income is recognised in profit or loss.

(M) Financial liabilities and equity instruments Classification as debt or equity

Debt and equity instruments issued by a company are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangements and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument.

Equity instruments

An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity after deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments issued by the Company are recognised at the proceeds received, net of directly attributable transaction costs.

Financial liabilities

Financial liabilities are classified as measured at amortised cost or 'FVTPL'. A Financial Liability is classified as at FVTPL if it is classified as held-for-trading or it is a derivative (that does not meet hedge accounting requirements) or it is designated as such on initial recognition.

A financial liability is classified as held for trading if:

• It has been incurred principally for the purpose of repurchasing it in the near term; or

• On initial recognition it is part of a portfolio of identified financial instruments that the Company manages together and has a recent actual pattern of short-term profit-taking; or

• It is a derivative that is not designated and effective as a hedging instrument.

A financial liability other than a financial liability held for trading may be designated as at FVTPL upon initial recognition if:

• Such designation eliminates or significantly reduces a measurement or recognition inconsistency that would otherwise arise;

• The financial liability forms part of a group of financial assets or financial liabilities or both, which is managed and its performance is evaluated on a fair value basis, in accordance with the Company's documented risk management or investment strategy, and information about

the grouping is provided internally on that contract basis; or

• It forms part of a containing one or more embedded derivatives, and IND AS 109 permits the entire combined contract to be designated as at FVTPL in accordance with IND AS 109.

Financial liabilities at FVTPL are stated at fair value, with any gains or losses arising on remeasurement recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss as restated. The net gain or loss recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss as restated incorporates any interest paid on the financial liability and is included in the 'other gains and losses' line item in the Statement of Profit and Loss as restated.

Other financial liabilities

Other financial liabilities (including borrowings and trade and other payables) are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

Derecognition of financial liabilities

The Company derecognises financial liabilities when, and only when, the Company's obligations are discharged, cancelled or have expired. An exchange with a lender of debt instruments with substantially different terms is accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the recognition of a new financial liability.

Similarly, a substantial modification of the terms of an existing financial liability (whether or not attributable to the financial difficulty of the debtor) is accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the recognition of a new financial liability. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability derecognised and the consideration paid and payable is recognised in profit or loss.

(N) Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalent in the Balance Sheet as restated comprise cash at banks and on hand and short term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less, which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value.

(O) Share capital

Ordinary shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issuance of new ordinary shares and share options and buyback of ordinary shares are recognized as a deduction from equity, net of any tax effects.

(P) Segments reporting

The Company is engaged in the business of manufacturing Bulk Industrial containers which includes IBC containers, Plastic Barrels and MS barrels,. There are no separate reportable segment in terms of IND AS-108.

(Q) Leases:

As a Lessee:

The Company's lease asset classes primarily consist of leases for land, buildings and vehicles. The Company assesses whether a contract contains a lease, at inception of a contract. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

To assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, the Company assesses whether:

(i) the contract involves the use of an identified asset;

(ii) the Company has substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the asset through the period of the lease; and

(iii) the Company has the right to direct the use of the asset.

At the date of commencement of the lease, the Company recognizes a right-of-use asset (“ROU”) and a corresponding lease liability for all lease arrangements in which it is a lessee, except for leases with a term of twelve months or less (short-term leases) and low value leases. For these short-term and low value leases, the Company recognizes the lease payments as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.

The right-of-use assets are initially recognized at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or prior to the commencement date of the lease plus any initial direct costs less any lease incentives. They are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses. Certain lease arrangements includes the options to extend or terminate the lease before the end of the lease term. ROU assets and lease liabilities includes these options when it is reasonably certain that they will be exercised. Right-of-use assets are depreciated from the commencement date on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the lease term and useful life of the underlying asset. Right of use assets are evaluated for recoverability

whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. For the purpose of impairment testing, the recoverable amount (i.e. the higher of the fair value less cost to sell and the value-in-use) is determined on an individual asset basis unless the asset does not generate cash flows that are largely independent of those from other assets. In such cases, the recoverable amount is determined for the Cash Generating Unit (CGU) to which the asset belongs.

The lease liability is initially measured at amortized cost at the present value of the future lease payments. The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if not readily determinable, using the incremental borrowing rates in the country of domicile of these leases. Lease liabilities are remeasured with a corresponding adjustment to the related right of use asset if the Company changes its assessment if whether it will exercise an extension or a termination option. Lease liability and ROU asset have been separately presented in the Balance Sheet and lease payments have been classified as financing cash flows.

As a Lessor:

Lease income from operating leases where the Company is a lessor is recognised in income on a straight-line basis over the lease term unless the receipts are structured to increase in line with expected general inflation to compensate for the expected inflationary cost increases. The respective leased assets are included in the balance sheet based on their nature.

(R) Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the net profit after tax by weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year is adjusted for treasury shares, bonus issue, bonus element in a rights issue to existing shareholders.

Diluted earnings per share

Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit after tax after considering the effect of interest and other financing costs or income (net of attributable taxes) associated with dilutive potential equity shares by the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving basic earnings per share and also the weighted average number of equity shares that could have been issued upon conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares including the treasury shares held by the Company to satisfy the exercise of the share options by the employees.

ii) Defined Benefits Plans

Gratuity: The Company provides for gratuity, a defined benefit plan (the “Gratuity Plan”) covering eligible employees in accordance with the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972. The Gratuity Plan provides a lump sum payment to vested employees at retirement, death, incapacitation or termination of employment, of an amount based on the respective employee's salary and the tenure of employment.

The Company's liability is actuarially determined (using the Projected Unit Credit method) at the end of each year. The fair value of the plan assets of the trust administered by the Company, is deducted from the gross obligation.

The following table sets forth the status of the gratuity plan of the Company, and the amounts recognized in the Balance sheet and Statement of profit and loss.

Discount rate: The discount rate is based on the prevailing market yields of Indian government securities for the estimated term of the obligations.

Assumptions regarding future mortality experience are set in accordance with the statistics published by the Life Insurance Corporation of India.

The overall expected rate of return on assets is determined based on the market prices prevailing on that date, applicable to the period over which the obligation is to be settled. There has been significant change in expected rate of return on assets due to change in the market scenario.

Sensitivity analysis

Reasonably possible changes at the reporting date to one of the relevant actuarial assumptions, holding other assumptions constant, would have affected the defined benefit obligations by the amounts shown below;

The Company has exposure to the following risks arising from financial instruments

- Credit risk;

- Liquidity risk; and

- Market risk

The Company's board of directors has overall responsibility for the establishment and oversight of the Company's risk management framework who is also responsible for developing and monitoring the Company's risk management policies.

The Company's risk management policies are established to identify and analyse the risks faced by the Company, to set appropriate risk limits and controls and to monitor risks and adherence to limits. Risk management policies and systems are reviewed periodically to reflect changes in market conditions and the Company's activities. The Company, through its training, standards and procedures, aims to maintain a disciplined and constructive control environment in which all employees understand their roles and obligations.

The board of directors oversees how management monitors compliance with the company's risk management policies and procedures, and reviews the adequacy of the risk management framework in relation to the risks faced by the Company.

Credit risk

Credit risk arises from the possibility that counter party may not be able to settle their obligations as agreed. To manage this, the Company periodically assesses the financial reliability of customers, taking into account the financial condition, current economic trends, and analysis of historical bad debts and ageing of accounts receivable. Individual risk limits are set accordingly.

The Company considers the probability of default upon initial recognition of asset and whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk on an ongoin basis throughout each reporting period. To assess whether there is a significant increase in credit risk that company caompares the risk of a default occurring on the asset as at the reporting date with the risk of default as at the date of initial recognition. It considers reasonable and supportive forwarding-looking information such as:

i) Actual or expected significant adverse changes in business,

ii) Actual or expected significant changes in the operating results of the counterparty,

ii) Financial or economic conditions that are expected to cause a significant change to the counterparty's ability to meet its obligations, iv) Significant increases in credit risk on other financial instruments of the same counterparty,

Financial assets are written off when there is no reasonable expectation of recovery, such as a debtor/borrower failing to engage in a repayment plan with the Company. Where receivables/loans have been written off, the Company continues to engage in enforcement activity to attempt to recover the receivable due. Where recoveries are made, these are recognised in statement of profit and loss.

Exposures to customers outstanding at the end of each reporting period are reviewed by the Company to determine credit losses. Given that the macro economic indicators affecting customers of the Company have not undergone any substantial change, the Company expects the historical trend of minimal credit losses to continue.

Cash and bank balance

The Company held cash and bank balance with credit worthy banks and financial institutions of H 42.72 lacs, H. 23.88 /- lacs as at March 31, 2024, March 31, 2023, respectively. The credit worthiness of such banks and financial institutions is evaluated by the management on an ongoing basis and is considered to be good.

Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is defined as the risk that the Company will not be able to settle or meet its obligations on time. The board of directors are responsible for liquidity, funding as well as settlement management. In addition, processes and policies related to such risks are overseen by the board of directors. Management monitors the Company's net liquidity position through rolling forecast on the basis of expected cash flows.

Market risk

Market risk is the risk of loss of future earnings, fair values or future cash flows that may result from a change in the price of a financial instrument. The value of a financial instrument may change as a result of changes in the interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, equity prices and other market changes that affect market risk sensitive instruemtns. Market risk is attributable to all market risk sensitive financial instruments including investments and deposits, foreign currency receivables and payables.

The Company market risk is managed by the board of directors which evaluates and excercises independent control over the entire process of market risk management. It also recommends risk management objectives and policies ans also management of cash resources, implementing hedging strategies for foreign currency exposures and ensuring compliance with market risk limits and policies.

b) Interest rate risk

Interest rate risk can be either fair value interest rate risk or cash flow interest rate risk. Fair value interest rate risk is the risk of changes in fair values of fixed interest bearing financial assets or borrowings because of fluctuations in the interest rates, if such assets/ borrowings are measured at fair value through profit or loss. Cash flow interest rate risk is the risk that the future cash flows of floating interest bearing borrowings will fluctuate because of fluctuations in the interest rates.

Note 50 Taxes

Deferred tax assets are recognised for unused tax losses to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the losses can be utilised. Significant management judgement is required to determine the amount of deferred tax assets that can be recognised, based upon the likely timing and the level of future taxable profits together with future tax planning strategies.

Useful lives of property, plant and equipment

The estimated useful lives of property, plant and equipment are based on a number of factors including the effects of obsolescence, demand, competition, internal assessment of user experience and other economic factors (such as the stability of the industry, and known technological advances) and the level of maintenance expenditure required to obtain the expected future cash flows from the asset. The Company reviews the useful life of property, plant and equipment at the end of each reporting date.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Ind AS requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses and the accompanying disclosures. Uncertainty about the assumptions and estimates could result in outcomes that require a material adjustment to the carrying value of assets or liabilities affected in future periods.

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimates are revised and in any future periods affected.

Information about significant areas of estimation uncertainty and critical judgments in applying accounting policies that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognised in the financial statements is included in the following notes:

i) Judgements

In the process of applying the accounting policies, management has made the following judgements, which have significant effect on the amounts recognised in the Company's financial statements:

Provisions and contingencies

The assessments undertaken in recognising provisions and contingencies have been made in accordance with Ind AS 37, ‘Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets'. The evaluation of the likelihood of the contingent events has required best judgment by management regarding the probability of exposure to potential loss.

Assessment of lease contracts

Classification of leases under finance lease or operating lease requires judgment with regard to the estimated economic life and estimated cost of the asset. The Company has analyzed each lease contract on a case to case basis to classify the arrangement as operating or finance lease, based on an evaluation of the terms and conditions of the arrangements.

ii) Estimates and assumptions

The key assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the reporting date, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, are described below. The Company based its assumptions and estimates on parameters available when the financial statements were prepared. Existing circumstances and assumptions about future developments, however, may change due to market changes or circumstances arising that are beyond the control of the Company. Such changes are reflected in the assumptions when they occur.

For Banka and Banka For and on behalf of the Board of Directors of

Chartered Accountants Pyramid Technoplast Limited

ICAI Firm Regn. No.: 100979W

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Pradeep P. Banka Jai Prakash Agarwal Bijay Kumar Agarwal

Partner Wholetime Director and CFO Chairman and Managing Director

Membership No.: 038800 DIN : 01490093 DIN : 01490141

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Zoya Shaikh

Company Secretary and Compliance Officer

Place: Mumbai Place: Mumbai

Dated: May 22, 2024 Dated: May 22, 2024