Description of nature and purpose of each reserve Capital Reserve

Capital reserve represents amount received from Government of Karnataka.

Export Profit Reserve

Export profit reserve represents the amount earned from export sales and is to be utilised for the purpose of exports.

Capital Redemption Reserve

Capital Redemption Reserve has been created out of free reserves of the Company on account of redemption of preference shares. General Reserve

The general reserve is used from time to time to transfer profits from retained earnings for appropriation purposes. There is no policy of regular transfer.

Retained Earnings

Retained earnings are the profits that the Company has earned till date, less any transfers to general reserve, dividends or other distributions paid to shareholders.

1. Demands for Wealth Tax for the assessment years 1997-98 & 1998-99 amounting to Rs.51,25,378 was raised by the Tax authorities in earlier years which had been disputed by the Company and appeals filed with the Hon. High Court, Mumbai. The Company however deposited the demanded amounts in full with the tax authorities.

2. The tax authorities had raised a demand for the assessment year 2013-14 u/s 143 (3) for Rs. 16,43,120. The company has disputed this demand and has filed an appeal with the Commissioner (Appeals) of Income-tax Mumbai against this demand.

3. Demand of Rs.13,50,000 raised in an earlier year by the customs authorities which was disputed by the Company paid under protest. A final order is passed by the custom authorities during the year adjusting Rs.9,82,211/- as differential duty from the amount deposited under protest. Accrdingly refund of balance amount of Rs.3,67,789/- is receivable from the custom authorities.

4. Bond for Rs.1.20 crore executed with the Customs authorities for demand raised by the authorities in an earlier year which was disputed and challenged by the Company. A final order is passed by the custom authorities during the year and this bond of Rs.1.20 crores is cancelled.

5. The Hon’ble Supreme Court of India (“SC”) by their order dated February 28, 2019, in the case of Surya Roshni Limited & others v/EPF, set out the principles based on which allowances paid to the employees should be identified for inclusion in basic wages for the purposes of computation of Provident Fund contribution. Subsequently, a review petition against this decision has been filed and is pending before the SC for disposal.

In view of the management, the liability for the period from date of the SC order to 31 March 2019 is not significant. Further, pending decision on the subject review petition and directions from the EPFO, the impact for the past period, if any, is not ascertainable and consequently no effect has been given in the accounts.

(D) Impact of IND AS adjustments on Tax computation:

1. Section 5 of the Income Tax Act states that profits are chargeable only when they accrue, arise or are received. Based on this provision of the Income Tax Act, it is a settled proposition that tax can be levied on real income and not any hypothetical or illusionary income - Shoorji vallabhdas & Co - (1962) 46 ITR 144 (SC) and Godhra Electricity Co. Ltd. - (1997) 225 ITR 746 (SC). These principles have been reiterated in ICDS-IV for revenue recognition under the Income Tax Act.

2. Under IND-AS accounting framework, there are certain mandatory adjustments to incomes and expenditures, which are only conceptual and do not reflect real income/expenditure as per prevailing provisions of the Income Tax Act.

(E) Other Disclosure:

During the year, the Company has not surrendered or disclosed any income in the tax assessments under the Income Tax Act, 1961 (such as, search or survey or any other relevant provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961). Accordingly, there are no transactions which are not recorded in the books of accounts.

NOTE 33 — EMPLOYEE BENEFITS a. Defined Benefit Plans:

Gratuity:

The gratuity payable to employees is based on the employee's service and last drawn salary at the time of leaving the services of the Company and is in accordance with the rules of the Company for payment of gratuity.

Inherent Risk on above:

The plan is defined in nature which is sponsored by the Company and hence it underwrites all the risks pertaining to the plan. In particular, this exposes the Company to actuarial risk such as adverse salary growth, change in demographic experience, inadequate return on underlying plan assets. This may result in an increase in cost of providing these benefits to the employees in future. Since the benefits are lump sum in nature, the plan is not subject to any longevity risk.

Basis used to determine Expected Rate of Return on Plan Assets: The overall expected rate of return on assets is based on the expectation of the average long term rate of return expected on investments of the fund during the estimated term of the obligations.

Salary Escalation Rate: The past experience and industry practice considering promotion and demand and supply of employees.

Asset Liability matching strategy: The money contributed by the Company to the Gratuity fund to finance the liabilities of the plan has to be invested.

The trustees of the plan have outsourced the investment management of the fund to an insurance Company. The insurance Company in turn manages these funds as per the mandate provided to them by the trustees and the asset allocation which is within the permissible limits prescribed in the insurance regulations. Due to the restrictions in the type of investments that can be held by the fund, it is not possible to explicitly follow an asset liability matching strategy.

There is no compulsion on the part of the Company to fully prefund the liability of the Plan. The Company’s philosophy is to fund these benefits based on its own liquidity and the level of underfunding of the plan.

Compensated Absences:

The liability towards compensated absences is provided for based on actuarial valuation carried out by using Projected Accured Benefit Method.

Carrying amount of Investment, Trade Receivables, Cash and Cash Equivalent, Bank balances, Other financial assets, Trade payables and Other financial liabilities as at March 31, 2025, and March 31, 2024 approximate the Fair Value because of their short term nature. Difference between carrying amount and fair values of bank deposits, other financial assets and other financial liabilities subsequenty measured at amortised cost is not significant in each of years presented.

NOTE 36 — FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT

The fair values of the financial assets and liabilities are included at the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced or liquidation sale.

The Company has established the following fair value hierarchy that categorizes the values into 3 levels. The inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value of financial instruments are:

Level 1: This hierarchy uses quoted (unadjusted) prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2: The fair value of financial instruments that are not traded in an active market is determined using valuation techniques which maximize the use of observable market data and rely as little as possible on company specific estimates.

Level 3: If one or more of the significant inputs are not based on observable market data, the instrument is included in Level 3.

The management assessed that cash and bank balances, trade payables, and other financial asset and liabilities approximate their carrying amounts largely due to the short-term maturities of these instruments.

NOTE 37 — FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES

The Company’s principal financial assets include Investments, Loans and Other receivables, Cash and Cash Equivalents, Other Bank Balances that directly derive from its operations.

The Company is exposed to Market Risk, Credit Risk and Liquidity Risk. The Company’s senior management oversees the management of these risks. The Company’s senior management ensures that the Company’s financial risk activities are governed by appropriate policies and procedures and that financial risks are identified, measured and managed in accordance with the Company’s policies and risk objectives.

(A) Market Risk:

Market risk is the risk of loss of future earnings, fair values or future cash flows that may result from a change in the price of a financial instrument.

The value of a financial instrument may change as a result of changes in the interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, equity prices and other market changes that affect market risk sensitive instruments. Market risk is attributable to all market risk sensitive financial instruments including investments and deposits, foreign currency receivables, payables and borrowings.

(1) Foreign Currency Risk:

Foreign currency risk is the risk of impact related to fair value or future cash flows of an exposure in foreign currency, which fluctuate due to changes in foreign exchange rates.

(2) Interest Rate Risk:

Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. The Company’s doesnot have exposure to this risk since no borrowing.

(B) Credit Risk:

Credit risk is the risk that counterparty will not meet its obligations under a financial instrument or customer contract, leading to a financial loss. The Company is exposed to credit risk from its operating (primarily Trade Receivables), investing and financing activities including Bank Balance, Deposits with Bank, Security Deposits, Loans to Employees and other financial instruments.

Trade receivables are consisting of a large number of customers. The Company has credit evaluation policy for each customer and based on the evaluation credit limit of each customer is defined.

Trade receivables are typically unsecured and are derived from revenue earned from customers. Credit risk has always been managed by the Company through credit approvals, establishing credit limits and continuously monitoring the credit worthiness of customers to which the Company grants credit terms in the normal course of business. The company allows credit period ranging from 30 days to 180 days, subject to reasonableness of the receivable. There is no concentration of customers and receivable amount.

Investments, Cash and Cash Equivalent and Bank Deposit:

Credit Risk on cash and cash equivalent is generally low, as the said deposits have been made with the banks/financial institutions who have been assigned high credit rating by international and domestic rating agencies.

Investments of surplus funds are made only based on Investment Policy of the Company. Investments consists of Investments in Subsidiaries & Investment in Short Term liquid Mutual Funds.

(C) Liquidity Risk:

Liquidity risk is defined as the risk that the Company will not be able to settle or meet its obligations on time or at reasonable price. Prudent liquidity risk management implies maintaining sufficient cash and marketable securities and the availability of funding through an adequate amount of credit facilities to meet obligations when due. The Company’s treasury team is responsible for liquidity, funding as well as settlement management. In addition, processes and policies related to such risks are overseen by senior management. Management monitors the Company’s liquidity position through rolling forecasts on the basis of expected cash flows.

The Company’s objectives when managing capital are to

(a) maximise shareholder value and provide benefits to other stakeholders and

(b) maintain an optimal capital structure to reduce the cost of capital.

For the purposes of the Company’s capital management, capital includes issued capital, share premium and all other equity reserves attributable to the equity holders.

The Company monitors capital using debt-equity ratio, which is total debt less investments divided by total equity.

Ministry of Corporate Affairs (“MCA”) notifies new standard or amendments to the existing standards under Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules as issued from time to time. During FY 2024-25, MCA has notified several amendments to the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment, Rules, including the introduction of IND AS 117 (Insurance Contracts), updates to Ind AS 116 (Leases), and revisions to other standards such as Ind AS 101, Ind AS 103 and Ind AS 107. These amendments do not have any significant impact on the financial statements.

NOTE 41 — SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company operates only in one primary business segment i.e. trading of goods.

NOTE 42 — SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

Dividends paid during the year ended March 31, 2025 includes an amount of Rs.3.00/- per equity share towards final dividend for the year ended March 31, 2024.

Dividends declared by the Company are based on the profit available for distribution. Distribution of dividends out of general reserve and retained earnings is subject to applicable Tax Deducted at Source. On 19.05.2025, the Board of Directors of the Company have proposed a final dividend of Rs.12.5/- per share in respect of the year ended March 31, 2025 subject to the approval of shareholders at the Annual General Meeting. The proposal is subject to the approval of shareholders at the Annual General Meeting, and if approved, would result in a cash outflow of approximately Rs.323.06/- Lacs.

NOTE 43 — CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

The company is not covered under section 135 of the Companies Act as its net profit is less than Rs.5 Crores during the immediately preceding financial year.

NOTE 44 — OTHER DISCLOSURES

There are no transactions to report against the following disclosure requirements as notified by MCA pursuant to amended Schedule III:

(a) Crypto Currency or Virtual Currency

(b) Benami Property held under Prohibition of Benami Property Transactions Act, 1988 and rules made thereunder

(c) Registration of charges or satisfaction with Registrar of Companies

(d) the company does not have any transactions with companies struck off under section 248 of the Companies Act, 2013 or section 560 of Companies Act, 1956

(e) Relating to borrowed funds:

(i) Wilful defaulter

(ii) Utilisation of borrowed funds & share premium

(iii) Borrowings obtained on the basis of security of current assets

(iv) Discrepancy in utilisation of borrowings

(v) Current maturity of long term borrowings

NOTE 45 — PREVIOUS YEAR’S COMPARABLES

Previous year's figures have been regrouped/reclassified wherever necessary, to confirm with current years classification/ disclosure.