L. Provisions and Contingencies:
A provision is recognised when:
• The Company has a present obligation as a result of a past event;
• It is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle
the obligation; and
• A reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.
Provisions are measured at the management's best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the
present obligation at the end of the reporting period. If the effect of the time value of money is mate¬
rial, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments
of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability. The increase in the provision due to
the passage of time is recognised as finance costs.
The Company does not recognise contingent liabilities but it is disclosed in the financial statements
unless the possibility of an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits is remote.
Contingent asset is not recognised in the financial statements.
M. Earnings per Share:
Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the profit attributable to owners of the Company
by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the financial year.
Diluted earnings per share adjusts the figures used in the determination of basic earnings per share
after considering the income tax effect of all finance costs associated with dilutive potential equity
shares, and the weighted average number of additional equity shares that would have been
outstanding assuming the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares.
The Company has not issued any dilutive potential equity shares.
3. USE OF JUDGEMENTS, ESTIMATES AND ASSUMPTIONS
While preparing financial statements in conformity with Ind AS, the management has made certain
estimates and assumptions that require subjective and complex judgments. These judgments affect
the application of accounting policies and the reported amount of assets, liabilities, income and
expenses, disclosure of contingent liabilities at the statement of financial position date and the
reported amount of income and expenses for the reporting period. Financial reporting results rely
on the management estimate of the effect of certain matters that are inherently uncertain. Future
events rarely develop exactly as forecasted and the best estimates require adjustments, as actual
results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Estimates and
underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are
recognized prospectively.
Judgment, estimates and assumptions are required in particular for:
a) Determination of the estimated useful life of tangible assets
Useful life of tangible assets is based on the life prescribed in Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013.
In cases, where the useful life are different from that prescribed in Schedule II, they are based on
technical advice, taking into account the nature of the asset, the estimated usage of the asset, the
operating conditions of the asset, past history of replacement, anticipated technological changes,
manufacturers' warranties and maintenance support.
b) Recognition and measurement of defined benefit obligations
The obligation arising from defined benefit plan is determined on the basis of actuarial assumptions.
Key actuarial assumptions include discount rate, trends in salary escalation, actuarial rates and life
expectancy. The discount rate is determined by reference to market yields at the end of the reporting
period on government bonds. The period to maturity of the underlying bonds correspond to the
probable maturity of the post-employment benefit obligations. Due to complexities involved in the
valuation and its long-term nature, defined benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these
assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting period.
c) Recognition of deferred tax liabilities
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences of temporary
differences between the carrying values of assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases, and
unutilized business loss and depreciation carryforwards and tax credits. Deferred tax assets are
recognized to the extent that it is probable that future taxable income will be available against which
the deductible temporary differences, unused tax losses, depreciation carry-forwards and unused
tax credits could be utilized.
d) Discounting of financial assets / liabilities
All financial assets / liabilities are required to be measured at fair value on initial recognition. In case
of financial assets / liabilities which are required to be subsequently measured at amortized cost,
interest is accrued using the effective interest method.
(B) Fair value of the assets measured at amortised cost:
Financial assets and financial liabilities measured at amortised cost for which fair valued are disclosed:
Financial Assets:
The carrying value of trade receivables, loans and advances and other financial assets, cash and cash equivalents, other bank balances etc. are
considered to be approximately equal to the fair values.
Financial Liabilities:
Fair values of Loans from banks and others, other financial liabilities, trade payables, etc. are considered to be approximately equal to the carrying values.
22 Financial Risk Management
Risk Management framework
The Company is exposed to various risks in relation to financial instruments. The Company's financial assets and liabilities are summarised by category . The main
types of risks to which the Company is exposed are market risk, credit risk, and liquidity risk. The Company's risk management is coordinated at its headquarters, in
close cooperation with the board of directors, and focuses on actively securing the Company's short to medium-term cash flows by minimizing exposure to volatile
financial markets. The Company does not actively engage in the trading of financial assets for speculative purposes nor does itwrite options.The most significant
financial risks to which the Company is exposed are described below.
(A) Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk that a counterparty fails to discharge an obligation to the Company. The Company is exposed to this risk for various financial assets such as
trade receivables, security deposits, other receivables, etc. The Company's maximum exposure to credit risk is limited to the carrying amount of the following types
of financial assets.
-Trade receivables
-Fixed deposits with banks
-Cash and cash equivalents
-Other financial assets measured at amortised cost
The Company continuously monitors defaults of customers and other counterparties, identified either individually or by the Company, and incorporates this
'information into its credit risk controls. Where available at reasonable cost, external credit ratings and/or reports on customers and other counterparties are
obtained and used. The Company's policy is to deal only with credit-worthy counterparties.
(B) Liquidity risk
Prudent liquidity risk management implies maintaining sufficient cash and marketable securities and the availability of funding through an adequate amount of
committed credit facilities to meet obligations when due. Management monitors rolling forecasts of the Company's liquidity position and cash and cash equivalents
on the basis of expected cash flows. The Company takes into account the liquidity of the market in which it operates. In addition, the Company's liquidity
management policy involves projecting cash flows in major currencies and considering the level ofliquid assets necessary to meet these, monitoring balance sheet
liquidity ratios against internal and external regulatory requirements, and maintaining debt financing plans.
(C) Market Risk
a) Foreign currency risk
Most of the Company's transactions are carried out in INR. Exposures to currency exchange rates arise from the Company's loan from the holding company, trade
receivables in case of export sales, and trade payables denominated in Euro and USD. To mitigate the Company's exposure to foreign currency risk, non-INR cash
flows are monitored in accordance with the Company's risk management policies. Generally, the Company's risk management procedures distinguish short-term
foreign currency cash flows (due within 6 months) from longer-term cash flows (due after 6 months). Where the amounts to be paid and received in a specific
currency are expected to largely offset one another, no further hedging activity is undertaken.
25. Segment Reporting Ind AS 108 Operating Segments requires Management to determine the
reportable segments for the purpose of disclosure in financial statements based on the internal
reporting reviewed by Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM) to assess performance and allocate
resources.
Operating segments are defined as 'Business Units' of the Company about which separate financial
information is available that is evaluated regularly by the Chief Operating Decision Maker or decision
making group in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance.
The Company is engaged in only one business segment. The Company is operating in a single
geographical segment i.e. India. The management considers that these business units have similar
economic characteristic nature of the product, nature of the regulatory environment etc. Based on
the management analysis, the Company has only one operating segment, so no seperate segment
report is given. The principle geographical areas in which company the Company operates is India.
26. In the opinion of the Board of Directors, Current Assets, Loans & Advances have value at which
they are stated in the Balance Sheet, if realized in the ordinary course of business. The provision for
depreciation and for all know liabilities is adequate and not in excess of the amount reasonably
necessary.
27. Confirmation letters have not been obtained from all the parties in respect of Trade Receivable,
Other Non-Current Assets, and Other Current Assets. Accordingly, the balances of the accounts are
subject to confirmation, recondition, and consequent adjustments, if any.
28. The company has no any transactions with companies struck off under section 248 of the Compa¬
nies Act, 2013 or section 560 of Companies Act, 1956 in F.Y 2023-2024.
29. The Company does not have any charges or satisfaction which is yet to be registered with ROC
beyond the statutory period.
30. The Company has not traded or invested in Crypto currency or Virtual
31. The Company has not advanced or loaned or invested funds to any other person(s) or entity(ies),
including foreign entities (Intermediaries) with the understanding that the Intermediary shall:
directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever
by or on behalf of the company (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or provide any guarantee, security or the like
to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
32. "The Company has not received any fund from any person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign
entities (Funding Party) with the understanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the
Company shall: (a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any
manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or (b) provide any
guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries."
33. The Company do not have any such transaction which is not recorded in the books of accounts
and that has been surrendered or disclosed as income during the year in the tax assessments under
the Income Tax Act, 1961 (such as, search or survey or any other relevant provisions of the Income
Tax Act, 1961). /reclassified wherever necessary to correspond with the current year’s classifica-
tion/disclosure.
34. The company holds all the title deeds of immovable property in its name.
35. There is no Scheme of Arrangements approved by the Competent Authority in terms of sections
230 to 237 of the Companies Act, 2013.
36. The company is not declared as wilful defaulter by any bank or financial Institution or other
lender.
37. Previous year figures have been regrouped/reclassified wherever necessary to correspond with
the current year’s classification/disclosure
For M Sahu & Co. For Dugar Housing Development Limited
Chartered Accountants
Firm Registration No. 130001W
sd/- sd/- sd/- sd/-
Partner (Manojkumar Sahu) Lakshmaiah Devarajulu Moganasundaram Chandrasekaran Padam Dugar
Membership No. 132613 Whole Time Director Company Secretary Chief Financial Officer
UDIN: 25132623BMGYUT8195
Place: Vadodara Place: Chennai
Date: 30th May,2025 Date: 30th May,2025
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