N. Provisions and Contingencies:

a) Provisions are recognized based on the best estimate of probable outflow of resources which would be required to settle obligations arising out of past events.

b) Contingent liabilities not provided for as per (a) above are disclosed in notes forming part of the Financial Statements If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognized as a finance cost.

c) Contingent Assets are disclosed, where the inflow of economic benefits is probable.

O. Earnings per Share:

a) Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders (after deducting preference dividends, if any, and attributable taxes) by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period.

b) For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period are adjusted for the effect of all dilutive potential equity shares.

P. Leases:

Lease in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are not transferred to the Company as lessee are classified as operating leases. ds a lessee

Payments made under operating leases (net of incentives received from the lessor) are charged to Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight line basis over the period of the lease unless the payments are structured to increase in line with expected general inflation to compensate for the lessor's expected inflationary cost increases.

ds a lessor

Lease income from operating leases where the Company is a lessor is recognized in income on a straight line basis over the lease term unless the receipts are structured to increase in line with expected general inflation to compensate for the expected inflationary cost increases.

The respective leased assets are included in the balance sheet based on their nature.

Q. Exceptional items:

Certain occasions, the size, type or incidence of an item of income or expense, pertaining to the ordinary activities of the Company is such that its disclosure improves the understanding of the performance of the Company, such income or expense is classified as an exceptional item and accordingly, disclosed in the notes accompanying to the financial statements.

R. USE OF JUDGEMENTS, ESTIMATES AND ASSUMPTIONS

While preparing financial statements in conformity with Ind AS, the management has made certain estimates and assumptions that require subjective and complex judgments. These judgments affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amount of assets, liabilities, income and expenses, disclosure of contingent liabilities at the statement of financial position date and the reported amount of income and expenses for the reporting period. Financial reporting results rely on the management estimate of the effect

of certain matters that are inherently uncertain. Future events rarely develop exactly as forecasted and the best estimates require adjustments, as actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized prospectively.

Judgment, estimates and assumptions are required in particular for:

a) Determination of the estimated useful life of tangible assets

Useful life of tangible assets is based on the life prescribed in Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013. In cases, where the useful life is different from that prescribed in Schedule II, they are based on technical advice, taking into account the nature of the asset, the estimated usage of the asset, the operating conditions of the asset, past history of replacement, anticipated technological changes, manufacturers' warranties and maintenance support.

b) Recognition and measurement of defined benefit obligations

The obligation arising from defined benefit plan is determined on the basis of actuarial assumptions. Key actuarial assumptions include discount rate, trends in salary escalation, actuarial rates and life expectancy. The discount rate is determined by reference to market yields at the end of the reporting period on government bonds. The period to maturity of the underlying bonds correspond to the probable maturity of the post-employment benefit obligations. Due to complexities involved in the valuation and its longterm nature, defined benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting period.

c) Recognition of deferred tax liabilities

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying values of assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases, and unutilized business loss and depreciation carryforwards and tax credits. Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that future taxable income will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, unused tax losses, depreciation carry-forwards and unused tax credits could be utilized.

d) Discounting of financial assets / liabilities

All financial assets / liabilities are required to be measured at fair value on initial recognition. In case of financial assets / liabilities which are required to be subsequently measured at amortized cost, interest is accrued using the effective interest method.