b. Rights, preferences and restrictions attached to

equity shares_____

The holders of equity shares are entitled to receive dividends as declared from time to time, and are entitled to one vote per share at meetings of the Company. In the event of liquidation of the Company, all preferential amounts, if any, shall be discharged by the Company. The remaining assets of the Company shall be distributed to the holders of equity shares in proportion to the number of shares held to the total equity shares outstanding as on that date.

i. The earning value of cash and cash equivalent, other bank balances, trade receivables and trade payables approximate their fair value mainly due to the short-term maturities of these instruments.

ii. The fair value of other financial assets and other financial liabilities is estimated by discounting future cash flows using rates applicable to instruments with similar terms, currency, credit risk and remaining maturities. The fair values of other financial assets and other financial liabilities are assessed by the management to be same as their carrying value and is not expected to be significantly different if estimated by discounting future cash flows using rates currently available for debt on similar terms, credit risk and remaining maturities.

There are no significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement

29. Financial Risk Management

The Company's principal financial liabilities comprise loans and borrowings in domestic currency, trade payables and other payables. The main purpose of these financial liabilities is to finance the Company's operations. The Company’s principal financial assets include loans, trade and other receivables, and cash and short-term deposits & investments that derive directly from its operations.

The Company is exposed to the following risks from its use of financial instruments:

- Credit risk

- Liquidity risk

- Market risk

This note presents information about the Company's exposure to each of the above risks, the Company 's objectives, policies and processes for measuring and managing risk.

Risk Management Framework

The Company's activities makes it susceptible to various risks. The Company has taken adequate measures to address such concerns by developing adequate systems and practices. The Company 's overall risk management program focuses on the unpredictability of markets and seeks to manage the impact of these risks on the Company’s financial performance

30. Financial Risk Management Credit Risk

Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Company if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual obligations resulting in a financial loss to the Company. Credit risk arises principally from trade receivables, loans & advances, unbilled receivable, cash & cash equivalents, deposits with banks and financial institutions and short term investments.

Trade Receiv ables

The trade receiv ables have been appropriately assessed and a prov ision equivalent to management's estimate for bad debts has been created.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company had 9.53 Lakhs cash and cash equivalents as on 31 March 2024. (31 March 2023:1.30 lakhs). The cash and cash equivalents are held with high rated Banks/Institutions.

Deposits with banks and financial institutions and short term investments

The company has no deposits with bank and financial institutions as on 31-03-2024.

31 Financial Risk Management Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will encounter difficulty in meeting the obligations associated with its financial liabilities that are settled by delivering cash or another financial asset. The Company’s approach to managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will always have sufficient liquidity to meet its liabilities when due, under both normal and stressed conditions, without incurring unacceptable losses or risking damage to the Company’s reputation.

The Company manages liquidity risk by maintaining adequate cash reserves, banking facilities and reserve borrowing facilities by continuously monitoring forecast and actual cash flows and matching the maturity profiles of financial assets and liabilities.

(i) Financing arrangements

The company had access to the following undrawn borrowing facilities at the end of the reporting period: (ii) Maturities of financial liabilities

The following are the contractual maturities of derivative and non-derivative financial liabilities, based on contractual cash flows:

Contractual maturities of financial Liabilities as for 31-03-2024 : Nil

32. Financial Risk Management Interest rate risk

The company is not exposed to interest rate risks as on 31.03.2024 as no loan is outstanding from any financial institutions.

At the reporting date the interest rate profile of the Company's interest-bearing Borrowings : Nil Fair value sensitivity analysis for fixed-rate instruments

The company's fixed rate instruments are carried at amortised cost. They are therefore not subject to interest rate risk, since neither the earn ing amount nor the future cash flows will fluctuate because of a change in market interest rates.

33. Capital Management

The Company’s objectives xvhen managing capital are to:

- safeguard its ability' to continue as a going concern, so that it can continue to provide returns for shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders and

- maintain an appropriate capital structure of debt and equity'.

The Board of Directors has the primary responsibility to maintain a strong capital base and reduce the cost of capital through prudent management of deployed funds and leveraging opportunities in domestic markets so as to maintain investor, creditor and market confidence and to sustain future development of the business. The Board of Directors monitors the return on capital, which the Company defines as result from operating activities div ided by total shareholder's equity'. The Board of Directors also monitors the level of div idends to equity shareholders.

The Company monitors capital using gearing ratio which is net debt divided by total equity. Net debt comprises of long term and short term borrowings less cash and cash equivalent. Equity' includes equity' share capital and reserves that are managed as capital. The gearing ratio at the end of the reporting periods was as follows: