p Provision, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets
Provision are recognised for when the company has at present, legal or contractual obligation as a result of past events, only if it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic outgo or loss will be required and if the amount involved can be measured reliably.
Contingent liabilities being a possible obligation as a result of past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non occurrence of one or more future events not wholly in control of the company are not recognised in the accounts. The nature of such liabilities and an estimate of its financial effect are disclosed in notes to the Financial Statements.
Contingent assets are neither recognised nor disclosed in the financial statements.
q Earnings Per Share
The Basic EPS has been computed by dividing the income available to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the accounting year.
The Diluted EPS has been computed using the weighted average number of equity shares and dilutive potential equity shares outstanding at the end of the year.
r Estimates, Judgements and assumptions
The preparation of the Company's Ind AS Financial Statements requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities, and the accompanying disclosures, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities. Uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in outcomes that require a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets or liabilities affected in future periods.
The key assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the reporting date, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, are described below. The Company based its assumptions and estimates on parameters available when the financial statements were prepared. Existing circumstances and assumptions about future developments, however, may change due to market changes or circumstances arising that are beyond the control of the Company. Such changes are reflected in the assumptions when they occur.
(i) Impairment of non-financial assets
Impairment exists when the carrying value of an asset or cash generating unit exceeds its recoverable amount, which is the higher of its fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. The fair value less costs of disposal calculation is based on available data for similar assets or observable market prices less incremental costs for disposing of the asset. The value in use calculation is based on a DCF model. The cash flows are derived from the budget for the next five years and do not include restructuring activities that The Company is not yet committed to or significant future investments that will enhance the asset's performance being tested. The recoverable amount is sensitive to the discount rate used for the DCF model as well as the expected future cash-inflows and the growth rate used for extrapolation purposes. These estimates are most relevant to goodwill and other intangibles with indefinite useful lives recognised by the Company.
(ii) Taxes
Deferred tax assets are recognised for unused tax credits to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the credits can be utilised. Significant management judgment is required to determine the amount of deferred tax assets that can be recognised, based upon the likely timing and the level of future taxable profits together with future tax planning strategies.
(iii) Fair value measurement of financial instruments
When the fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities recorded in the balance sheet cannot be measured based on quoted prices in active markets, their fair value is measured using valuation techniques including the DCF model. The inputs to these models are taken from observable markets where possible, but where this is not feasible, a degree of judgment is required in establishing fair values. Judgments include considerations of inputs such as liquidity risk, credit risk and volatility. Changes in assumptions about these factors could affect the reported fair value of financial instruments.
o Derivative financial instruments and hedge accounting Initial recognition and subsequent measurement
The Company uses derivative financial instruments, such as forward currency contracts, cross currency swaps, options, interest rate futures and interest rate swaps to hedge its foreign currency risks and interest rate risks, respectively. Such derivative financial instruments are initially recognised at fair value Any gains or losses arising from changes in the fair value of derivative financial instrument are recognised in the statement of profit and loss and reported with foreign exchange gains / (loss) not within results from operating activities. Changes in fair value and gains / (losses) on settlement of foreign currency Hedges that meet the strict criteria for hedge accounting are accounted for, as described below:
(i) Fair value hedges
The change in the fair value of a hedging instrument is recognised in the statement of profit and loss as finance costs.
The change in the fair value of the hedged item attributable to the risk hedged is recorded as part of the carrying value of the hedged item and is also For fair value hedges relating to items carried at amortised cost, any adjustment to carrying value is amortised through profit or loss over the remaining term of the hedge using the EIR method. EIR amortisation may begin as soon as an adjustment exists and no later than when the hedged item ceases to be If the hedged item is derecognised, the unamortised fair value is recognised immediately in profit or loss. When an unrecognised firm commitment is designated as a hedged item, the subsequent cumulative change in the fair value of the firm commitment attributable to the hedged risk is recognised as an
(ii) Cash flow hedges
The effective portion of the gain or loss on the hedging instrument is recognised in OCI in the cash flow hedge reserve, while any ineffective portion is recognised immediately in the statement of profit and loss.
The Company uses forward currency contracts as hedges of its exposure to foreign currency risk in forecast transactions and firm commitments. The ineffective portion relating to foreign currency contracts is recognised in finance costs.
Amounts recognised as OCI are transferred to profit or loss when the hedged transaction affects profit or loss, such as when the hedged financial income or financial expense is recognised or when a forecast sale occurs. When the hedged item is the cost of a non-financial asset or non-financial liability, the If the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated or exercised without replacement or rollover (as part of the hedging strategy), or if its designation as a hedge is revoked, or when the hedge no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, any cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI
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