3.14 Provisions
Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. When the Company expects some or all of a provision to be reimbursed the reimbursement is recognised as a separate asset, but only when the reimbursement is virtually certain. The expense relating to a provision is presented in the statement of profit and loss net of any reimbursement.
If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost.
3.15 Financial instruments Initial recognition
The company recognise the financial asset and financial liabilities when it becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments. All the financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised at fair value on initial recognition, except for trade receivable which are initially recognised at transaction price. Transaction cost that are directly attributable to the acquisition of financial asset and financial liabilities, that are not at fair value through profit and loss, are added to the fair value on the initial recognition.
Subsequent measurement
(A) Non derivative financial instruments
(i) Financial Assets at amortised cost
A financial assets is measured at the amortised cost if both the following conditions are met :
a) The asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets for collecting contractual cash flows, and
b) Contractual terms of the asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.
This category is the most relevant to the Company. All the Loans and other receivables under financial assets (except Investments) are non¬ derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market. Trade receivables do not carry any interest and are stated at their nominal value as reduced by impairment amount.
(ii) Financial Assets at Fair Value through Profit or Loss/Other comprehensive income
Instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
If the company decides to classify an instrument as at FVTOCI, then all fair value changes on the instrument, excluding dividends, are recognised in the OCI. There is no recycling of the amounts from OCI to P&L, even on sale of investment. However, the company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity.
(iii) Financial liabilities
The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:
(a) Loans and borrowings
After initial recognition, interest-bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate (EIR) method. However, the Company has borrowings at floating rates. Considering the impact of restatement of Effective interest rate, transaction cost is being amortised over the tenure of loan and borrowing.
(b) Trade & other payables
After initial recognition, trade and other payables maturing within one year from the Balance sheet date, the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to the short maturity of these instruments.
(B) Derivative financial instruments
The company do not holds derivatives financial instruments such as foreign exchange forward and option contracts to mitigate the risk of changes in exchange rates on foreign currency exposures.
The company have derivative financial assets/financial liabilities which are not designated as hedges;
Derivatives not designated are initially recognised at the fair value and attributable transaction cost are recognised in statement of profit and loss, when incurred. Subsequent to initial recognition, these derivatives are measured at fair value through profit and loss. Asset/Liabilities in this category are presented as current asset/current liabilities.
Derecognition
A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the statement of profit or loss.
3.16 Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalent in the balance sheet comprise cash at banks and on hand and short-term deposits which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
For the purpose of the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and short-term deposits, as defined above, as they are considered an integral part of the Company's cash management.
3.17 Employee Benefits
i) Defined contribution plans (Provident Fund)
In accordance with Indian Law, eligible employees receive benefits from Provident Fund, which is defined contribution plan. Both the employee and employer make monthly contributions to the plan, which is administrated by the Government authorities, each equal to the specific percentage of employee's basic salary. The Company has no further obligation under the plan beyond its monthly contributions. Obligation for contributions to the plan is recognised as an employee benefit expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss when incurred.
ii) Defined benefit plans (Gratuity)
In accordance with applicable Indian Law, the Company provides for gratuity, a defined benefit retirement plan (the Gratuity Plan) covering eligible employees. The Gratuity Plan provides a lumsump payment to vested employees, at retirement or termination of employment, and amount based on respective last drawn salary and the years of employment with the Company. The Company's net obligation in respect of the Gratuity Plan is calculated by estimating the amount of future benefits that the employees have earned in return of their service in the current and prior periods; that benefit is discounted to determine its present value. Any unrecognised past service cost and the fair value of plan assets are deducted. The discount rate is yield at reporting date on risk free government bonds that have maturity dates approximating the terms of the Company's obligation. The calculation is performed annually by a qualified actuary using the projected unit credit method. When the calculation results in a benefit to the Company, the recognised asset is limited to the total of any unrecognised past service cost and the present value of the economic benefits available in the form of any future refunds from the plan or reduction in future contribution to the plan.
The Company recognises all Remeasurement of net defined benefit liability/asset directly in other comprehensive income and presented within equity.
iii) Short term benefits
Short term employee benefit obligations are measured on an undiscounted basis and are expensed as a related service provided. A liability is recognised for the amount expected to be paid under short term cash bonus or profit sharing plans if the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past service provided by the employee and the obligation can be estimated reliably.
3.18 Lease
Operating lease:
Lease of assets under which all the risk and rewards of ownership are effectively retained by the lessor are classified as operating lease.
Lease payments / revenue under operating leases are recognised as an expense / income on accrual basis in accordance with the respective lease agreements.
3.19 Earnings per share
Basic and diluted earnings per share are computed by dividing the net profit / (Loss) attributable to equity shareholders for the year, by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.
3.20 Cash Flow Statement
Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit/(loss) before exceptional items and tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated based on the available information.
Bank overdrafts which are repayable on demand form an integral part of an entity's cash management, bank overdrafts are included as a component of cash and cash equivalents.
3.21 Operating Cycle
Based on the nature of activities of the Company and the normal time between acquisition of assets and their realization in cash or cash equivalents, the Company has determined its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of classification of its assets and liabilities as current and non-current.
3.22 Discontinued Operation
A discontinued operation is a component of the entity that has been disposed and that represents a separate line of business. The result of discontinued operation is presented separately in the Statement of profit and loss
3.23 Reserves (Other Equity)
i) Retained Earnings: The Reserve shows the closing balance from the earning / losses of the company over the year.
ii) Other Reserve: This is the security Premium Reserve, There has been no changes in the reserve account.
b Terms/ rights attached to equity shares
The company has only one class of equity shares having a par value of Rs. 10/- (PY Rs.1000/-) each. Each holder of equity shares is entitled to one vote per share.
In the event of liquidation of the Company, the holders of the equity shares will be entitled to receive remaining assets of the Company, after distribution of all preferential amounts. The distribution will be in proportion to the number of equity shares held by the shareholders.
c Terms/ rights attached to Preference shares
The rate of dividend on preference shares will be decided by the Board of Directors as and when issued. Preference shares as and when issued shall have the cumulative right to receive dividend as and when declared and shall have preferential right of repayment of amount of capital.
f Sub-division/split of equity shares
During the year ended 31 March 2025, as approved by the shareholders at the 116th Annual General Meeting of the Company held on July 15, 2024 purpose of sub-division /split of every 1 (One) fully paid-up Equity share having face value Rs. 1000/- (Rupees One Thousand only) each in the share capital of the Company, into 100 (One Hundred) fully paid-up Equity shares having face value Re. 10/- (Rupees Ten only) each. The Company has fixed Friday, August 16th, 2024 as the 'Record Date' for the purpose of determining the eligibility of Shareholders.
b. Defined Benefit Plan:
The Company has a unfunded defined benefit gratuity plan. The gratuity plan is governed by the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972. Under the Act, employee who has completed prescribed years of service is entitled to specific benefit. The level of benefits provided depends on the member's length of service and salary at retirement age. Every employee who has completed five years or more of service gets a gratuity on departure at 15 days salary (last drawn salary) for each completed year of service as per the provision of the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972.
The following tables summaries the components of net benefit expense recognised in the Statement of profit and loss and the funded status and amounts recognised in the balance sheet for the gratuity plan:
32 Segmental Information
In accordance with IND AS 108 "Operating segment" - The Company used to present the segment information identified on the basis of internal report used by the Company to allocate resources to the segment and assess their performance. Since the Company had only one type of Segment and hence disclosure not required.
The Company is mainly engaged in real estate activities catering to Indian Customer Accordingly,
Managing Director and Joint Managing Director (act as the 'Chief Operational Decision Maker' as defined in Ind AS 108) monitors the operating results of the company's business for the purpose of making decisions about resource allocation and performance assessment.
34 Financial risk management objectives and policies
The risk management policies of the Company are established to identify and analyse the risks faced by the Company, to set appropriate risk limits and controls, and to monitor risks and adherence to limits. Risk management policies and systems are reviewed regularly to reflect changes in market conditions and the Company's activities.
The Management has overall responsibility for the establishment and oversight of the Company's risk management framework.
In performing its operating, investing and financing activities, the Company is exposed to the Credit risk, Liquidity risk and Market risk.
Market risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market prices. Market risk comprises three types of risk: interest rate risk, currency risk and other price risk, such as equity price risk and commodity risk. Financial instruments affected by market risk include loans and borrowings, deposits and derivative financial instruments.
Credit risk on financial assets
Financial assets that are potentially subject to concentrations of credit risk and failures by counterparties to discharge their obligations in full or in a timely manner consist principally of cash balances with banks, cash equivalents and receivables, and other financial assets. The maximum exposure to credit risk is: the total of the fair value of the financial instruments and the full amount of any loan payable commitment at the end of the reporting year. Credit risk on cash balances with banks is limited because the counterparties are entities with acceptable credit ratings. Credit risk on other financial assets is limited because the other parties are entities with acceptable credit ratings.
As disclosed in Note 11 (a), cash and cash equivalents balances generally represent short term deposits with a less than 90-day maturity.
As part of the process of setting customer credit limits, different credit terms are used. The average credit period generally granted to trade receivable customers is about 90-360 days. But some customers take a longer period to settle the amounts.
Interest rate risk
Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates.
Company has interest rate risk exposure mainly from changes in rate of interest on borrowing & on deposit with bank. The interest rate are disclosed in the respective notes to the financial statements of the Company. The following table analyse the breakdown of the financial assets and liabilities by type of interest rate:
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company may not be able to meet its present and future cash and collateral obligations without incurring unacceptable losses. The Company's objective is to, at all times maintain optimum levels of liquidity to meet its cash and collateral requirements. The Company closely monitors its liquidity position and deploys a robust cash management system. It maintains adequate sources of financing including debt and overdraft from banks at an optimised cost.
The Company maximum exposure to credit risk for the components of the balance sheet at 31 March 2025 and 31 March 2024 is the carrying amounts. The liquidity risk is managed on the basis of expected maturity dates of the financial liabilities. The average credit period taken to settle trade payables is about 90 days. The other payables are with short-term durations. The carrying amounts are assumed to be a reasonable approximation of fair value. The following table analysis financial liabilities by remaining contractual maturities:
Capital management
For the purpose of the Company's capital management, capital includes issued equity capital, share premium and all other equity reserves attributable to the equity holders of the parent. The primary objective of the Company's capital management is to maximise the shareholder value.
The Company manages its capital structure and makes adjustments in light of changes in economic conditions and the requirements of the financial covenants. To maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Company may adjust the dividend payment to shareholders, return capital to shareholders or issue new shares. The Company monitors capital using a gearing ratio, which is net debt divided by total capital plus net debt. The Company's policy is to keep optimum gearing ratio. The Company includes within net debt, interest bearing loans and borrowings, trade and other payables, less cash and cash equivalents, excluding discontinued operations.
In order to achieve this overall objective, the Company's capital management, amongst other things, aims to ensure that it meets financial covenants attached to the interest-bearing loans and borrowings that define capital structure requirements. Breaches in meeting the financial covenants would permit the bank to immediately call loans and borrowings. There have been no breaches in the financial covenants of any interest-bearing loans and borrowing in the current period.
No changes were made in the objectives, policies or processes for managing capital during the years ended 31 March 2025 and 31 March 2024.
36 The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) vide its notification in the Official Gazette dated February 16,2015 notified the Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) applicable to certain classes of companies. Ind AS would replace the existing Indian GAAP prescribed under section 133 of The Companies Act, 2013 read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules,2014. For this Company , Ind AS would be applicable for the accounting period beginning April 1, 2017, with a transition date of April 1, 2016.
37 Estimates
The estimates at 31 March 2025 are consistent with those made for the same dates in accordance with Indian GAAP
38 Balances in the accounts of trade receivables, loans and advances, trade payables and other current liabilities are subject to confirmation / reconciliation, if any. The management does not expect any material adjustment in respect of the same effecting the financial statements on such reconciliation / adjustments.
39 There was no impairment loss on the fixed assets on the basis of review carried out by the management in accordance with Indian Accounting Standard (Ind AS)-36 'Impairment of Assets.
40 Lease disclosure
The company has entered into agreement for obtaining one office premises on rent which is in nature of operating leases. Amount paid/payable in respect of such leases are charged to profit and loss on accrual basis.
41 Earnings per share
Basic EPS amounts are calculated by dividing the profit for the year attributable to equity holders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.
Diluted EPS amounts are calculated by dividing the profit attributable to equity holders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year plus the weighted average number of equity shares that would be issued on conversion of all the dilutive potential equity shares into equity shares.
43 Other Statutory Information :
a) The Company does not have any Benami property, where any proceeding has been initiated or pending against the Company for holding any Benami property.
b) The Company does not have any charges or satisfaction which is yet to be registered with ROC beyond the statutory period.
c) The Company has not traded or invested in Crypto currency or Virtual Currency during the financial year.
d) The Company has not advanced or loaned or invested funds to any person(s) or entity(is), including foreign entities (Intermediaries) with the understanding that the Intermediary shall: (a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the company (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or (b) provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries
e) The Company has not received any fund from any person(s) or entity(is), including foreign entities (Funding Party) with the understanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the Company shall: (a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or (b) provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
f) The Company does not have any transaction which is not recorded in the books of accounts that has been surrendered or disclosed as income during the year in the tax assessments under the Income Tax Act, 1961 (such as, search or survey or any other relevant provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.
g) The Company is not declared as wilful defaulter by any bank or financial institution (as defined under the Companies Act, 2013) or consortium thereof or other lender in accordance with the guidelines on wilful defaulters issued by the Reserve Bank of India.
h) The Company is not a holding company and hence is not required to be complied with the number of layers for its holding in downstream companies prescribed under clause (87) of section 2 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with the Companies (Restriction on number of Layers) Rules, 2017
i) The Company has not revalued any of its Property, Plant and Equipment (including Right-of-Use Assets) during the year.
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