(xi) Provisions, contingent liabilities and contingent assets
Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present (legal or constructive) obligation as a result of past events, for which it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate of the amount can be made.
Provisions required to settle are reviewed regularly and are adjusted where necessary to reflect the current best estimates of the obligation. Provisions are discounted to their present values, where the time value of money is material.
Contingent liability is disclosed unless the likelihood of an outflow of resources is remote and there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may, but probably will not, require an outflow of resources.
Contingent asset is not recognised in the standalone financial statements. However, it is recognised only when an inflow of economic benefits is probable.
(xii) Borrowing costs
Borrowing costs includes interest expense on borrowings calculated using the EIR, amortisation of ancillary costs incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings and exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the interest cost.
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale ('qualifying asset') are capitalised as part of the cost of the respective asset. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they occur.
EIR is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial asset or a financial liability and of allocating the interest income or interest expense over the relevant period. EIR is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments or receipts through the expected life of the financial instrument or, when appropriate, a shorter period to the net carrying amount of the financial asset or financial liability. EIR calculation does not include exchange differences.
The capitalisation of borrowing costs as part of the cost of a qualifying asset commences when expenditure for the asset is being incurred, borrowing costs are being incurred and activities that are necessary to prepare the asset for its intended use or sale are in progress. Capitalisation of borrowing costs is suspended or ceases when substantially all the activities necessary to prepare the qualifying asset for its intended use or sale are interrupted or completed.
(xiii)Inventories
Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value.
Cost of raw material comprises of cost of purchase and other cost incurred in bringing the inventory to their present condition and location. Trade discounts, rebates and other similar items are deducted in determining the cost of purchase. Cost is determined on a moving weighted average basis.
The cost of finished goods, intermediate products and work-in-progress includes cost of direct materials and labour and a proportion of variable based on the actual use of production facilities and apportionable fixed overhead expenditure based on the normal operating capacity.
In case of stock-in-trade, cost includes cost of purchase and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost is determined on a moving weighted average basis.
Obsolete, slow moving and defective inventories are identified from time to time and, where necessary, a provision is made for such inventories.
Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.
Further, inventories contain stores and packing materials. Adequate allowances are recognised as a measure of consumption over their expected life based on their usage.
Costs of conversion and other costs are determined on the basis of standard cost method adjusted for variances between standard costs and actual costs, unless such costs are specifically identifiable, in which case they are included in the valuation at actuals.
(xiv)Income recognition
(a) Revenue recognition
Revenue towards satisfaction of a performance obligation is measured at the amount of transaction price (net of variable consideration) allocated to that performance obligation. Revenue is recognised upon transfer of control of promised products to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those products. Revenue is measured net of rebates, discounts and taxes. A receivable is recognised by the Company when control is transferred as this is the point in time where consideration is unconditional because only the passage of time is required for the payment to be received.
No element of financing is deemed to be present since the Company does not provide significant period of credit to its customers.
The Company applies the revenue recognition criteria to each component of the revenue transaction as set out below:
Sale of products
Revenue from sale of products is recognised when the Company satisfies performance obligation by transferring promised goods to the customer. Performance obligations are satisfied at the point of time when the customer obtains controls of the asset which is generally on dispatch of goods. In cases where performance obligations are
satisfied upon delivery based on the terms of the contract, the revenue is recognised upon such delivery.
Revenue towards satisfaction of a performance obligation is measured at the amount of transaction price (net of variable consideration) allocated to that performance obligation. The transaction price of goods sold and services rendered is net of variable consideration on account of various discounts and schemes offered by the Company as part of the contract.
Revenue (other than sale of products)
Revenue (other than sale of products) is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured.
(b) Other operating revenue
Other operating revenue includes export incentives. Export incentives constituting duty drawback, incentives under Remission of Duties and Taxes on Exported Products (RODTEP) and Duty-drawback Scheme which are accounted for on accrual basis where there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to them and the export benefits will be received. Export incentives in the nature of government grants under Export Promotion Capital Goods (EPCG), are notified by Government of India and are accounted for in the period of exports and discharging other conditions attached to the grant, and when there is no uncertainty in its recognition.
(c) Interest income
Interest income is recorded on accrual basis using the EIR method.
(d) Dividend
Dividend income is recognised when the Company's right to receive dividend is established, which is generally when shareholders approve the dividend.
(e) Other income
Other income is recognised when no significant uncertainty as to its determination and realisation exists.
(xv) Taxes
Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current and deferred tax is recognised in standalone statement of profit and loss except to the extent that it relates to items recognised directly in equity or OCI.
The current income-tax charge is calculated on the basis of the tax laws enacted at the balance sheet date. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulation is subject to interpretation. It establishes provisions where appropriate on the basis of amounts expected to be paid to the tax authorities.
Deferred tax is provided in full, on temporary differences arising between the tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the standalone financial statements. Deferred tax is determined using tax rates (and laws) that have been enacted or substantially enacted by the end of the reporting period and are expected to apply when the related deferred income tax asset is realised, or the deferred tax liability is settled. Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences and unused tax losses only if it is probable that future taxable amounts will be available to utilise those temporary differences and losses.
Current tax assets and tax liabilities are offset where the Company has a legally enforceable right to offset and intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets and liabilities and when the deferred tax balances relate to the same taxation authority.
(xvi) Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the Standalone net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders (after deducting attributable taxes) by the weighted average number of equity shares of the Company outstanding during the period. The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for events including a bonus issue or share split.
For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the Standalone net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders
and the weighted average number of shares of the Company outstanding during the period, are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.
(xvii) Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash on hand and bank deposits, together with other short-term, highly liquid investments (original maturity less than three months) that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash, and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
For the purpose of the Standalone statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents consist of cash, balance in current accounts with banks and short-term deposits, as defined above, net of outstanding bank overdrafts, if any, as they are considered an integral part of the Company's cash management.
(xviii) Initial Public Offer (‘IPO’) related transaction
costs
The expenses pertaining to IPO includes expenses pertaining to fresh issue of equity shares, offer for sale by selling shareholders and listing of equity shares and is accounted for as follows:
• Incremental costs that are directly attributable to issuing new shares were deferred until successful consummation of IPO upon which they have been deducted from equity;
• Incremental costs that are not directly attributable to issuing new shares or offer for sale by selling shareholders, have been recorded as an expense in the standalone statement of profit and loss as and when incurred; and
Costs that relate to fresh issue of equity shares and offer for sale by selling shareholders have been allocated between those functions on a rational and consistent basis as per agreed terms.
(xix) Government grants
Government grants are recognised only when there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attaching to them and the grants will be received.
Government grants related to or used for assets are included in the balance sheet as deferred
government grant and recognised as income in the standalone statement of profit and loss in the proportion of export obligations that have been discharged.
Export benefits available under prevalent schemes are accrued in the period in which the goods are exported and there is no uncertainty in receiving the same.
(xx) Investments
Investments in equity instruments of subsidiaries is carried at cost in accordance with Ind AS 27 'Separate Financial Statements'.
All investments in other equity instruments falling under scope of Ind AS 109 'Financial Instruments' are measured at fair value. The debt portion of investment in preference shares in measured at amortised cost.
Mutual funds which are held for trading are classified as at FVTPL with all changes recognised in the standalone statement of profit and loss. The mutual funds are valued using closing net asset value (NAV).
For all other equity investments, the Company makes an irrevocable election to present in OCI, the subsequent changes in the fair value. The Company makes such election on an instrument- by-instrument basis. The classification is made on initial recognition and is irrevocable. If the Company decides to classify an equity instrument as at FVTOCI, then all fair value changes on the instrument, excluding dividends and impairment loss, are recognised in OCI. There is no recycling of the amounts from the OCI to the Standalone statement of profit and loss, even on sale of the investment. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within categories of equity.
(xxi) Operating segments
Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the Board of Directors, who are considered as chief operating decision maker ('CODM').
(xxii) Exceptional items
When items of income and expense within profit or loss from ordinary activities are of such size, nature or incidence that their disclosure is relevant to assist users in understanding the
financial performance achieved and in making projections of future financial performance, the nature and amount of such material items are disclosed separately as exceptional items.
(xxiii) Events after the reporting date
Where events occurring after the balance sheet date provide evidence of conditions that existed at the end of the reporting period, the impact of such events is adjusted within the standalone financial statements. Where the events are indicative of conditions that arose after the reporting period, the amounts are not adjusted, but are disclosed if those non¬ adjusting events are material.
2.5 Recent accounting pronouncements:
Ministry of Corporate Affairs ('MCA') notifies new standards or amendments to the existing standards under Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules as issued from time to time. For the year ended March 31, 2025, MCA has notified Ind AS 117, 'Insurance Contracts' and amendments to Ind AS 116, 'Leases', relating to sale and leaseback transactions, applicable with effect from 1 April 2024. The Company has reviewed the new pronouncements and based on its evaluation has determined that it does not have any impact in its standalone financial statements.
2.6 New and amended standards issued but not effective
Amendments to Ind AS 21, 'The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates'
The amendments to Ind AS 21 specify how an entity should assess whether a currency is exchangeable and how it should determine a spot exchange rate when exchangeability is lacking. The amendments also require disclosure of information that enables users of financial statements to understand how the currency not being exchangeable into the other currency affects, or is expected to affect, the entity's financial performance, financial position and cash flows.
The amendments are effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after 01 April 2025. When applying the amendments, an entity cannot restate comparative information.
The Company does not expect any material impact on the standalone financial statements.
d. The Company has not issued any bonus shares, neither the Company has bought back any of its shares, nor any shares have been issued pursuant to contract without payment bein received in cash during the five years immediately preeceeding March 31, 2025.
e. Shares reserved for issue under options
Information relating to the Employee Stock Option Plan, 2021 ('ESOP 2021') of the Company, including details of options issued, exercised and lapsed during the year and the options outstanding at the end of the reporting year, is set out under note 45.
The effect of 260,922 potential equity shares outstanding arising from ESOP 2021 outstanding as at March 31, 2025 (March 31, 2024: 278,501) is anti-dilutive and thus these shares are not considered in determining diluted EPS.
Note 31 : Employee benefits
a) Defined benefit plan - gratuity
The Company operates one post-employment defined benefit plan i.e., gratuity. The plan (unfunded) is governed by the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 wherein employee who has completed continuous service of five years or more is eligible for gratuity on death, resignation, retirement or permanent disablement at 15 days salary (last drawn salary) for each completed year of service.
The following tables summarise the components of net benefit expense recognised in the standalone statement of profit and loss, standalone other comprehensive income and the amounts recognised in the standalone balance sheet.
These assumptions were developed by the management with the assistance of independent actuary. Discount rate is determined close to each year end by reference to government bonds of relevant economic markets and that have terms to maturity approximating to the terms of the related obligation. Other assumptions are based on management's historical experience. The estimate of salary growth rate considered in actuarial valuation take into account the inflation, seniority, promotion and other relevant factors such as supply and demand in the employment market.
The Company has certain defined contribution plans. Contributions are made to recognised provident fund administered by the government of India for employees @ 12.00% p.a. of their basic salary subject to mandatory maximum amount as per the regulations. The contribution of the Company is limited to the amount contributed and it has no further contractual obligation.
1. The remuneration to the KMP and relatives of KMP does not include the provision made for gratuity, as gratuity for the Company is determined on an actuarial basis for the Company as a whole.
2. For personal guarantees and securities given by related parties, refer note 16.
3. All the related party transactions are made on terms equivalent to those that prevail in an arm's length transactions.
4. The loan and security deposit receivable from subsidiary company are unsecured and are non-current in nature. Trade and other receivables are unsecured and are current in nature. Employee related payables are unsecured and due to be paid over next 12 months. All the related payables balances are due to be settled in cash.
5. The Company has given guarantee for the term loan facilities availed by one of the subsidiary companies, as detailed under note 44(iii)
6. There are no commitments with any related party, during the year and as at year end, except for 5 above.
Note 33 : Financial instruments
i) Fair values hierarchy
The following explains the judgements and estimates made in determining the fair values of the financial instruments that are recognised and measured at fair value. To provide an indication about the reliability of the inputs used in determining fair value, the Company has classified its financial instruments into the three levels prescribed under Ind AS 113, 'Fair Value Measurements'.
Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for financial instruments.
Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly.
Level 3: Inputs for the assets or liabilities that are based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).
ii) Valuation techniques used to determine fair value
The fair value of the financial assets and liabilities are included at the amount that would be received to sell an
asset and paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. The following methods
were used to estimate the fair values:
- Investment in preference shares : Fair value is calculated using a discounted cash flow model with market assumptions.
- Other non-current financial assets and liabilities: Fair value is calculated using a discounted cash flow model with market assumptions, unless the carrying value is considered to be approximate to their fair value.
- Trade receivables, cash and cash equivalents, bank balances other than cash and cash equivalents, loans, other current financial assets, trade payables and other current financial liabilities: Approximate their carrying amounts largely due to the short-term maturities of these instruments.
- Borrowings taken by the Company are as per the Company's credit and liquidity risk assessment and
there is no comparable instrument having the similar terms and conditions with related security being pledged and hence the carrying value of the borrowings represents the best estimate of its fair value.
- Derivative financial assets and liabilities: The Company enters into derivative contracts with various counterparties, principally financial institutions with investment grade credit ratings. Forward foreign currency contracts are determined using forward exchange rates at the reporting date.
Fair value of assets and liabilities which are measured at amortised cost for which fair value are disclosed:
a) The carrying value of trade receivables, cash and cash equivalents, loans, other bank balances and other financial assets recorded at amortised cost, is considered to be a reasonable approximation of fair value.
b) The carrying value of borrowings, trade payables and other financial liabilities recorded at amortised cost is considered to be a reasonable approximation of their respective fair value.
Note 34 : Financial risk management (Contd..)
ii) Financial risk management
The Company's activities expose it to a variety of financial risks namely market risk, credit risk and liquidity risk. The Company's primary risk management focus is to minimise potential adverse effects of market risk on its financial performance. The Company's risk management assessment and policies and processes are established to identify and analyse the risks faced by the Company, to set appropriate risk limits and controls, and to monitor such risks and compliance with the same.
The risk assessment, management policies and processes are reviewed regularly to reflect changes in market conditions and the Company's activities. The Board of Directors and the relevant Committee is responsible for overseeing the Company's risk assessment and management policies and processes. The Company's financial risk management policy is set by the management.
a) Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Company, if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual obligations, and arises principally from the Company's receivables from customers. Credit risk arises from cash and cash equivalents, deposits with banks and financial institutions, financial guarantee contracts as well as credit exposure to clients, including outstanding accounts receivable. The maximum exposure to credit risk is equal to the carrying value of the financial assets. The objective of managing counterparty credit risk is to prevent losses in financial assets. The Company assesses the credit quality of the counterparties, taking into account their financial position, past experience and other factors. The Company establishes an allowance for impairment that represents its expected credit losses in respect of trade and other receivables. The management uses a simplified approach for the purpose of computation of allowance for expected credit loss for trade receivables.
The Company's exposure to credit risk is influenced mainly by the individual characteristics of each customer. The demographics of the customer, including the default risk of the industry and country, in which the customer operates, also has an influence on credit risk assessment. Credit risk is managed through credit approvals, establishing credit limits, continuously monitoring the credit worthiness of customers. Also, forward-looking information is also incorporated into expected credit losses, including the use of macroeconomic information.
In respect of trade receivables, the Company is not exposed to any significant credit risk exposure to any single counterparty or any company of counterparties having similar characteristics. Trade receivables consist of a large number of customers in various geographical areas. The Company has limited history of customer default, and considers the credit quality of trade receivables for evaluation of allowance for expected credit loss.
The credit risk on liquid funds such as balance in current and deposit accounts with banks is limited because the counterparties are banks with high credit-ratings.
b) Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they become due. The Company manages its liquidity risk by ensuring, as far as possible, that it will always have sufficient liquidity to meet its liabilities when due.
Ultimate responsibility for liquidity risk management rests with the Board of Directors, which has established an appropriate liquidity risk management framework for the management of the Company's short-term, medium-term and long-term funding and liquidity management requirements. The Company manages liquidity risk by maintaining adequate reserves, banking facilities and committed borrowing facilities, by continuously monitoring forecast and actual cash flows, and by matching the maturity profiles of financial assets and liabilities and by monitoring rolling forecasts of its liquidity requirements to ensure it has sufficient cash to meet operational needs while maintaining sufficient headroom on its undrawn committed borrowing facilities at all times so that the Company does not breach borrowing limits or covenants (where applicable) on any of its borrowing facilities.
c) Market risk
Market risk is the risk of loss of future earnings, fair values or future cash flows that may result from adverse changes in market rates and prices (such as interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and commodity prices) or in the price of market risk- sensitive instruments as a result of such adverse changes in market rates and prices. Market risk is attributable to all market risk-sensitive financial instruments and all short term and long-term debt. Market risk comprises three types of risk: interest rate risk, foreign exchange risk and other price risk, such as equity price risk and commodity risk. Financial instruments affected by market risk include loans and borrowings, deposits, trade payables, trade receivables, loans, investments, derivative financial instruments and other financial instruments. The Company is exposed to market risk primarily related to foreign exchange rate risk, interest rate risk and the market value of its investments. Thus, the Company's exposure to market risk is a function of investing and borrowing activities.
(i) Foreign exchange risk
Foreign currency risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of an exposure will fluctuate because of changes in foreign exchange rates. The Company's foreign exchange risk arises from its foreign currency borrowings, trade receivables and trade payables denominated in foreign currencies. The results of the Company's operations can be affected as the Indian Rupees ('INR') is volatile against foreign currencies. The Company enters into derivative financial instruments such as foreign exchange forward contracts to mitigate the risk of changes in exchange rates on foreign currency exposures and also inherent hedging as it is engaged in the export of manufactured products. The Company has a treasury team which monitors the foreign exchange fluctuations on a continuous basis and advises the management of any material adverse effect on the Company.
Foreign currency sensitivity analysis:
The following tables demonstrate the sensitivity to a reasonably possible change in different foreign exchange rates with INR, with all other variables held constant. The impact on the Company's standalone profit before tax is due to changes in the fair value of monetary assets and liabilities including non-designated foreign currency derivatives. The Company's exposure to foreign currency changes for all other currencies is not material.
(ii) Interest rate risk
Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. The Company's exposure to the risk of changes in market interest rates relates primarily to the Company's long-term debt obligations with floating interest rates.
The Company's investments in bank deposits are for short durations, and therefore do not expose the Company to significant interest rates risk.
b. Interest rate sensitivity:
The sensitivity analysis below have been determined based on exposure to interest rates for borrowings at the end of the reporting year and the stipulated change taking place at the beginning of the year and held constant throughout the reporting year in case of borrowings that have floating rates.
If the interest rates had been 50 basis points higher or lower and all the other variables were held constant, the effect on interest expense for the respective year and consequent effect on Company's standalone profit or loss before tax in that year would have been as below:
The assumed movement in basis points for the interest rate sensitivity analysis is based on the currently observable market environment.
(iii) Price risk
The Company is mainly exposed to the price risk due to its investment in mutual funds. The price risk arises due to uncertainties about the future market values of these investments. The Company has laid policies and guidelines which it adheres to in order to minimise price risk arising from investments in mutual funds. However, the Company did not have any such investments as at the year end.
Note 34 : Financial risk management (Contd..)
B) Derivative financial instruments (designated as derivative instrument):
The Company holds derivative financial instrument i.e., foreign currency forward contracts to mitigate the risk of changes in exchange rate on foreign currency exposure. The counterparty for these contracts is generally a bank or a financial institution. These derivative financial instruments are valued based on inputs which are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace.
Note 35 : Capital management
The Company's objective while managing capital is to safeguard its ability to continue as a going concern, maintain an optimal and efficient capital structure and reduce the cost of capital.
The management assesses the Company's capital requirements in order to maintain an efficient overall financing structure. The Company manages the capital structure and makes adjustments to it in the light of changes in the economic conditions and the risk characteristics of the underlying assets. In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Company may adjust the amount of dividends paid to shareholders, return capital to shareholders, issue new shares, or sell assets to reduce debt. The Company is not subject to externally imposed capital requirements.
The Company has complied with debt covenants as per the terms of the borrowing facility arrangements. The Company manages its capital requirements by overseeing the gearing ratio.
As per section 135 of the Act, and rules therein, the Company is required to spend at least 2% of its average net profits computed in accordance with section 198 of the Act for three immediately preceding financial years towards CSR activities. The Company has formulated a CSR committee as per the Act. The funds are utilised on the activities which are specified in Schedule VII to the Act. Details of CSR expenditure are as follows:
1. It is not practicable for the Company to estimate the timings of cash outflows, if any, in respect of the above pending resolution of the respective proceedings.
2. The amounts disclosed above represent the best possible estimates arrived at on the basis of available information and does not include penalty, if any.
3. The Company is contesting all of the above demands and the management believes that its positions are likely to be upheld at the appellate stage. The management believes that the ultimate outcome of these proceedings are not expected to have a material impact on the Company's standalone financial statements and hence no provision has been made in this regard.
4. An amount of H 16 lakhs (March 31, 2024: H 16 lakhs) has been paid under protest towards income-tax matters. ii) Commitments
Commitments as at the reporting date amounts to H 297 lakhs (March 31, 2024: H 1,850 lakhs), in addition to the
commitment towards export obligation stated under note 39, 'Government grants'.
Notes:
Government grants relating to PPE pertain to duty saved on import of capital goods and spares under the Export Promotion Capital Goods scheme. Under this scheme, the Company is committed to export prescribed times of the duty saved on import of capital goods over a specified period of time. In case such commitments are not met, the Company would be required to pay the duty saved along with interest to the regulatory authorities.
The primary conditions attached to the aforementioned grant is the fulfilment of export obligations, and thus, the grant is recognised in the standalone statement of profit and loss to the extent such obligations have been fulfilled.
Pending export obligations attached to above grant as at March 31, 2025 amounts to H 2,353 lakhs (March 31, 2024: H 619 lakhs).
Note 40 : Segment reporting
(a) Operating segment
Ind AS 108, 'Operating Segments' establishes standards for the way that business enterprises report information about operating segments and related disclosures about revenue, geographic areas and major customers. Based on the management approach as defined in Ind AS 108, the Chief Operating Decision Maker ('CODM') monitors and reviews the operating results of the Company as one segment i.e., 'Yarn manufacturing'. Since the entire business falls within a single operational segment, these standalone financial statements are reflecting the information required by Ind AS 108.
Note 41 : Revenue from operations
The performance obligation of the Company is satisfied at a point in time.
(a) Performance obligation
Revenue from sale of products and stock-in-trade
Revenue from sale of products and stock-in-trade is recognised when the Company satisfies performance obligation by transferring promised goods to the customer. Performance obligations are satisfied at the point of time when the customer obtains controls of the goods which is generally on dispatch of products or on delivery of products in case of domestic sales, and on delivery in case of export sales.
The aggregate amount of transaction price allocated to the performance obligations (yet to be completed) for the year is H 739 lakhs (March 31, 2024: H685 lakhs). This balance represents the advance received from customers (gross) against sale of products. The management expects to further bill and collect the remaining balance of total consideration within next 12 months. These balances will be recognised as revenue in subsequent year as per the policy of the Company.
(g) Revenue from sale of products and stock-in-trade does not includes any significant financing component. Customers are required to pay interest if the payment is made after the contractual due date.
(h) Refer note 40(b) for geographical disaggregation of revenue.
(i) The Company does not have any significant obligations for returns or refunds.
The Company's leased assets primarily consists of leases for staff quarters and offices, having varied lease terms with non-cancellable period not exceeding 12 months. Therefore, the lease payments related to such arrangements are charged to the standalone statement of profit and loss under the head 'Rent' included in other expenses.
iii) Guarantees
Guarantees given by the Company in respect of loans obtained by one of its subsidiary companies and outstanding as at year end amounts to H 99,069 lakhs (March 31, 2024: H 16,441 lakhs).
Note 45 : Share-based payments
Equity settled share-based payments
The members of the Company had approved the Employee Stock Option Plan, 2021 ('ESOP 2021') at the Annual General Meeting held on 25 November 2021. The plan envisaged the grant of options to eligible employees. The holder of each option is eligible for one fully paid up equity share of the Company. According to the scheme, the employees selected by the Nomination and Remuneration Committee from time to time will be entitled to options, subject to satisfaction of the prescribed vesting conditions.
Volatility : Volatility is a measure of the amount by which a price has fluctuated or is expected to fluctuate during the year.
Risk free rate : The risk free rate being considered for the calculation is the interest rate applicable for a maturity equal to the expected life of the options based on zero coupon yield curve for government securities.
Expected life of the options : Expected life of the options is the period for which the Company expects the options to be live. The minimum life of stock options is the minimum period before which the options cannot be exercised and the maximum life of the option is the maximum period after which the options cannot be exercised. The Company has calculated expected life as the average of the minimum and the maximum life of the options.
Dividend yield : Expected dividend yield has been calculated by dividing the last declared dividend per share by the share price as on the date of grant.
Note 46 : Audit trail
The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) has prescribed a requirement for companies under the proviso to Rule 3(1) of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 inserted by the Companies (Accounts) Amendment Rules, 2021 requiring companies, which uses accounting software for maintaining its books of account, shall use only such accounting software which has a feature of recording audit trail of each and every transaction, creating an edit log of each change made in the books of account along with the date when such changes were made and ensuring that the audit trail cannot be disabled.
The Company has used an accounting software for maintaining all accounting records which has a feature of recording audit trail (edit log) facility and such feature was enabled at the application level. The database of the said software is operated by a third-party software service provider and the availability of audit trail (edit logs) are not covered in the 'Independent Service Auditor's Assurance Report on the design and operation of controls' ('Type 2 report' issued in accordance with ISAE 3402, Assurance Reports on Controls at a Service Organisation) at database level.
The audit trail has been preserved by the Company as per the statutory requirements for record retention other than the period from 1 July 2023 to March 31, 2024.
Note 47 : Other statutory information
A The Company has not advanced or loaned or invested funds to any person or any entity, including foreign entities (Intermediaries) with the understanding that the intermediary shall:
(a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by a or on behalf of the Company (Ultimate Beneficiaries); or
(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
B The Company has not received any fund from any person or any entity, including foreign entities (Funding Party) with the understanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the Company shall:
(a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by a or on behalf of the Funding Party (Ultimate Beneficiaries); or
(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
C The Company does not have any transactions and outstanding balances during the current as well previous year with companies struck off under section 248 of the Companies Act, 2013 or section 560 of Companies Act, 1956.
D The Company is not holding any benami property under the Benami Transactions (Prohibition) Act, 1988 (45 of 1988) and rules made thereunder. Further, no proceedings have been initiated or pending against the Company for holding any benami property under the Act and rules mentioned above.
E The Company has not been declared wilful defaulter by any bank or financial institution or government institution or any government authority.
F The Company does not have any transaction which is not recorded in the books of account that has been
surrendered or disclosed as income during the year in the tax assessments under the Income-tax Act, 1961 (such
as search or survey or any other relevant provisions of the Income-tax Act, 1961).
G The Company has not traded or invested in crypto currency or virtual currency during the current year and previous year.
H The Company has complied with the number of layers prescribed under section 2(87) of the Act.
I The Company have not revalued its PPE and intangible assets during the current year and previous year.
J The Company covered under the Act has not entered into any scheme of arrangement in terms of section 230 to
237 of the Act during the current year and previous year.
K The Company has not granted any loan or advance in the nature of loan, during the current year, to promoters, directors, KMPs or other related parties, either severally or jointly with any other person, that is repayable on demand or without specifying any terms or period of repayment. Also, no such loan or advance in nature of loan is outstanding as at the reporting date.
L There are no charges or satisfaction which are yet to be registered with Registrar of Companies during the current year.
Note 48 : Initial public offer of the Company
During the year ended March 31, 2025, the Company has completed the Initial Public Offering ('IPO') of 17,133,956 equity shares of face value of H10 each at an issue price of H 321 per equity share (including share premium of H 311 per equity share), comprising of offer for sale of 4,672,897 equity shares by selling shareholders and fresh issue of 12,461,059 equity shares. The equity shares of the Company were listed both on the National Stock Exchange of India Limited and BSE Limited on 27 December 2024.
Note 49 : Previous year's figures have been regrouped / reclassified wherever necessary to correspond with the current year classifications / disclosures. However, the impact of such regroupings / reclassifications is not material to the standalone financial statements.
This is the notes to the standalone financial statements including material accounting policy information and other explanatory information referred to in our report of even date.
For Walker Chandiok & Co LLP For and on behalf of the Board of Directors
Chartered Accountants
Firm's Registration No. : 001076N/N500013
Rajni Mundra Paresh Dattani Ajaykumar Dattani
Partner Chairman and Managing Director Joint Managing Director
Membership No. 058644 DIN : 00163591 DIN : 00163739
Sanjay Shah Jude D'souza
Chief Financial Officer Company Secretary and
Compliance Officer Membership No. 44812
Place: Mumbai Place: Mumbai
Date: May 26, 2025 Date: May 26, 2025
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