(x) Provisions and Contingencies
Provisions are recognized when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. The expense relating to a provision is presented in the statement of profit and loss.
Provisions are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.
A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events and whose existence will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company; or a present obligation that arises from past events but is not recognized because it is not probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation; or the amount of the obligation cannot be measured with sufficient reliability.
A contingent asset is disclosed, where an inflow of economic benefits is probable.
(xi) Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents in the balance sheet comprise cash at banks and on hand and short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less, which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
For the purpose of the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and short- term deposits, as defined above, net of outstanding bank overdrafts, if any, as they are considered an integral part of the Company's cash management.
(xii) Financial instruments
A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.
a) Financial assets
Investments in Subsidiaries
Investments in Subsidiaries, Joint ventures and Associates are carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses, if any. Where an indication of impairment exists, the carrying amount of the investment is assessed and written down immediately to its recoverable amount. On disposal of investments in Subsidiaries, Joint ventures and Associates, the difference between net disposal proceeds and the carrying amounts are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
Initial recognition and measurement
All financial assets are recognized initially at fair value plus, in the case of financial assets not recorded at fair value through profit and loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset.
Subsequent measurement
For purposes of subsequent measurement, financial assets are classified in three broad categories:
• Financial assets at amortized cost
• Financial assets at fair value through OCI (FVTOCI)
• Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL)
Financial asset at amortized cost
A Financial asset is measured at amortized cost (net of any write down for impairment) the asset is held to collect the contractual cash flows (rather than to sell the instrument prior to its contractual maturity to realize its fair value changes) and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest ("SPPI") on the principal amount outstanding.
Such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate (EIR) method. Amortized cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortization is included in finance income in the profit and loss. The losses arising from impairment are recognized statement of profit and loss. This category generally applies to trade and other receivables.
Financial asset at fair value through OCI (FVTOCI)
A financial asset that meets the following two conditions is measured at fair value through OCI unless the asset is designated at fair value through profit and loss under fair value option.
• The financial asset is held both to collect contractual cash flows and to sell.
• The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
Instruments included within the FVTOCI category are measured initially as well as at each reporting date at fair value. Fair value movements are recognized in OCI. However, the Company recognizes interest income and impairment losses & reversals in the Profit and Loss. On derecognition of the asset, cumulative gain or loss previously recognized in OCI is reclassified from the equity to Profit and Loss. Interest earned whilst holding FVTOCI Financial asset is reported as interest income using the EIR method.
Financial asset at fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL)
FVTPL is a residual category for company's financial instruments. Any instruments which does not meet the criteria for categorization as at amortized cost or as FVTOCI, is classified as at FVTPL.
All investments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognized in the Profit and Loss.
In addition, the company may elect to designate an instrument, which otherwise meets amortized cost or FVTOCI criteria, as at FVTPL. However, such election is allowed only if doing so reduces or eliminates a measurement or recognition inconsistency (referred to as 'accounting mismatch').
Derecognition
When the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a 'pass- through' arrangement. It evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risks and rewards of ownership.
A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a Company of similar financial assets) is primarily derecognized when:
• The rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired, or
• Based on above evaluation, either (a) the Company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or (b) the Company has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset.
When it has neither transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset, nor transferred control of the asset, the Company continues to recognize the transferred asset to the extent of the Company's continuing involvement. In that case, the Company also recognizes an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability are measured on a bases that reflect the rights and obligations that the Company has retained.
Continuing involvement that takes the form of a guarantee over the transferred asset is measured at the lower of the original carrying amount of the asset and the maximum amount of consideration that the Company could be required to repay.
Impairment of financial assets
In accordance with Ind AS 109, the Company applies expected credit loss (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss on the financial assets which are not fair value through profit & loss and equity instruments recognized in OCI.
Loss allowances for trade receivables are always measured at an amount equal to Lifetime ECL. Lifetime ECL are the expected credit losses that result from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument. The maximum period considered when estimating ECL is the maximum contractual period over which the company is exposed to credit risk.
For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determines that whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, 12-month ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used.
Lifetime ECL are the expected credit losses resulting from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument. The 12-month ECL is a portion of the lifetime ECL which results from default events that are possible within 12 months after the reporting date.
ECL is the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the entity expects to receive (i.e., all cash shortfalls), discounted at the original EIR. When estimating the cash flows, an entity is required to consider all contractual terms of the financial instrument (including prepayment, extension, call and similar options) over the expected life of the financial instrument. However, in rare cases when the expected life of the financial instrument cannot be estimated reliably, then the entity is required to use the remaining contractual term of the financial instrument.
ECL impairment loss allowance (or reversal) recognized during the period is recognized as income/ expense in the statement of profit and loss (P&L). This amount is reflected under the head 'other expenses' in the P&L. The balance sheet presentation for various financial instruments is described below:
Financial assets measured as at amortized cost, contractual revenue receivables and lease receivables: ECL is presented as an allowance, i.e., as an integral part of the measurement of those assets in the balance sheet. The allowance reduces the net carrying amount. Until the asset meets write-off criteria, the Company does not reduce impairment allowance from the gross carrying amount.
b) Financial liabilities
Initial recognition and measurement
Financial liabilities are classified, at initial recognition, as financial liabilities at fair value through profit and loss or at amortized cost,
as appropriate. All financial liabilities are recognized initially at fair value and, in the case of loans and borrowings, net of directly attributable transaction costs. The Company's financial liabilities include trade payables, lease obligations, and other payables.
Subsequent measurement
The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:
Financial liabilities at amortized cost
After initial recognition, interest-bearing loans and borrowings and other payables are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the EIR method. Gains and losses are recognized in profit and loss when the liabilities are derecognized as well as through the EIR amortization process.
Amortized cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortization is included as finance costs in the statement of profit and loss.
Derecognition
A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognized in the statement of profit and loss.
c) Offsetting of financial instruments
Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.
(xiii) Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period adjusted for bonus elements, if any, issued during the year.
For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders after taking into account the after income tax effect of interest and other financing costs associated with dilutive potential equity shares and the weighted average number of additional equity shares that would have been outstanding assuming the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares.
(xiv) Segment reporting
The Company has identified "Cash Logistics Service" as a reportable segment based on the manner in which the operating results are reviewed by the Chief Operating Decision Maker.
(xv) Cash Flow Statement
Cash flow statement is prepared in accordance with the indirect method prescribed in Ind AS 7 'Statement of Cash Flows'. Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit/ (loss) before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. Cash flow for the year is classified by operating, investing and financing activities.
(xvi) Rounding of amount
Amount disclosed in the financial statement and notes have been rounded off to the nearest million as per the requirements of schedule III, unless otherwise stated.
Note 15.2 Terms / Rights attached to Equity Shares
The Company has only one class of equity shares having a par value of H 1/- per share. The holders of the equity shares are entitled to receive dividends as declared from time to time, and are entitled to voting rights proportionate to their share holding at the meetings of shareholders.
In the event of liquidation of the Company, the holders of the equity shares will be entitled to receive the remaining assets of the company, after distribution of all preferential amounts. The distribution will be in proportion to the number of equity shares held by the shareholders.
(b) Defined benefit plan
As per the payment of Gratuity Act, 1972, the Company has a defined benefit gratuity plan. Every employee who has completed five years or more of service gets a gratuity on departure at 15 days' salary (last drawn salary) for each completed year of service. The scheme of the Company is funded with an insurance company in the form of a qualifying insurance policy. Management aims to keep annual contribution relatively stable at such a level such that no plan deficits will arise. The Company has purchased an insurance policy, which is a year-on-year cash accumulation plan in which the interest rate is declared on yearly basis and is guaranteed for a period of one year. The insurance Company, as part of the policy rules, makes payment of all gratuity outgoes happening during the year (subject to sufficiency of funds under the policy). The policy, thus, mitigates the liquidity risk. However, being a cash accumulation plan, the duration of assets is shorter compared to the duration of liabilities. Thus, the Company is exposed to movement in interest rate (in particular, the significant fall in interest rates, which should result in a increase in liability without corresponding increase in the asset).
Valuation Technique used to determine Fair Value:
Specific valuation techniques used to value financial instruments include:
Use of quoted market prices for Listed instruments
For the year ended March 31, 2025 and year ended March 31, 2024 there are no financial assets under the categories FVTOCI or FVTP&L
Note 37 - Risk Management
Financial Risk Management
The company is exposed to Interest rate risk, Credit risk, Collection risk and liquidity risk. Given the nature of operations, the company does not face any forex risk, commodity risk and other market risk aspects. The company has assigned the responsibility of managing these risks with the respective division heads as stated below.
Market Rate - Interest Rates
The company does not have any term loans with variable interest rate. Hence the company does not face any significant market risk in relation to interest rate volatility. Credit limits, to the extent of H 1945.00 million are variable rate borrowings, subject to periodic interest rate revision. The Company manages its CC limit utilisation judiciously to minimise interest outgo. This risk is managed by GM - Finance.
Credit Risk
The company is highly underleveraged with zero net long term debt (total long term debt minus free cash) as on March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024. Hence credit risk of the company is very healthy and risk of default is negligible. This risk is managed by Managing Director.
Trade Receivable
Over 87% of the clients of the company are highly rated banks and financial institutions, with no history of defaults. Hence, credit risk on the trade receivables are neglible. The company takes adequate precaution in terms of evaluation of the creditworthiness of its direct clients. The track record of collection of Trade Receivables has been very healthy. The company also has a practice of obtaining confirmation on service provided from most of its clients before invoicing, and hence risk of subsequent non-collection is negligible. This risk is managed by Head - Business Development for new clients, and Head - Billing for the existing clients.
Capital management
For the purpose of the Company's capital management, capital includes issued equity capital, securities premium and all other equity reserves attributable to the equity holders of the parent. The primary objective of the Company's capital management is to maximize the shareholder value. The Company manages its capital structure and makes adjustments in light the of changes in economic conditions and the requirements of the financial covenants.The Company does not have any long-term loans outstanding as at March 31, 2025. It has taken adequate credit facilities from various banks to maintain its liquidity.
Note 40
The Company has completed its Initial Public Offer ("IPO") of 26,676,977 Equity Shares of face value of Re. 1 each. The IPO consist of fresh issue of 5,454,546 Equity Shares by the Company and an offer for sale of 21,222,431 Equity Shares by the selling shareholders as detailed in the prospectus. The fresh issue of the Company has been subscribed at H 99 per Equity Share (including securities premium of H 98 per Equity Share) aggregating to H 540.00 millions (shares alloted on 2nd January,2023) and the offer for sale of 21, 222,431 Equity Shares of H 1 each were subscribed at H 2,026.41 millions.
Note 41
The Company is in the process of reconciling the monthly returns filed under the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 ("CGST Act"), Integrated Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 ("IGST Act") and other relevant States Goods and Services Tax Acts (SGST Acts) with its books and records to file the annual return for FY 2024-25. Adjustments, if any, consequent to the said reconciliation will be given effect to in the financial statements on completion of reconciliation and filing of returns. However, in the opinion of the Management, the impact of the same will not be material.
Note 42 - Code on Social Security
The Indian Parliament has approved the Code on Social Security, 2020 which would impact the contributions by the company towards Provident Fund and Gratuity. The Ministry of Labour and Employment has released draft rules for the Code on Social Security, 2020 and has invited suggestions from stakeholders. The Company will assess the impact and its evaluation once the subject rules are notified and will give appropriate impact in its financial statements in the period in which, the Code and the rules become effective.
Note 43 - Events after the reporting period
There are no significant events after the reporting period that affect the figures presented in this financial statement.
Note 44 - Prior Year Comparatives
Previous year figures have been re-grouped/ re-classified, wherever necessary, to confirm to current year's classification and presentation.
As per our report of even date attached For and On Behalf of the Board of Directors of
For ASA & Associates LLP RADIANT CASH MANAGEMENT SERVICES LIMITED
Chartered Accountants CIN: L74999TN2005PLC055748
Firm Regn No. 009571N/N500006
G.N. Ramaswami Col. David Devasahayam Renuka David
Partner Chairman and Managing Director Whole Time Director
Membership No.202363 DIN: 02154891 DIN: 02190575
Jayanthi T.V Venkataramanan
Independent Director Chief Financial Officer
DIN: 09295572
Nithin Tom
Place: Chennai Company Secretary
Date: 23/05/2025 M.No: ACS 53056
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