i) Provisions, contingencies and commitments

Provisions are recognized when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, and it is probable that the Company will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.

1) The amount recognized as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. When a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows (when the effect of the time value of money is material).

2) When some or all of the economic benefits required to settle a provision are expected to be recovered from a third party, a receivable is recognized as asset if it is virtually certain that reimbursement will be received and the amount of the receivable can be measured reliably.

3) A disclosure for contingent liabilities is made where there is-

A possible obligation that arises from past events and whose existence will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the entity; or

A present obligation that arises from past events but is not recognized because:

i) It is not probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation; or

ii) The amount of the obligation cannot be measured with sufficient reliability.

4) A contingent asset is a possible asset that arises from past events and whose existence will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the entity.

5) Commitments include the amount of purchase order (net of advances) issued to parties for completion of assets.

6) Provisions, contingent liabilities, contingent assets and commitments are reviewed at each reporting period.

7) Provisions for onerous contracts are recognized when the expected benifits to be derived by the company from a contract are lower than the unavoidable costs of meeting the future obligations under the contract.

j) Financial Instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognized when Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments.

Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are recognized immediately in Statement of Profit and Loss.

i) Financial Assets

Financial assets are recognized when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments. Financial assets other than trade receivables are initially recognized at fair value plus transaction costs for all financial assets not carried at fair value through profit or loss. Financial assets carried at fair value through profit or losses are initially recognized at fair value, and transaction costs are expensed in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

ii) Subsequent measurement

Financial assets, other than equity instruments, are subsequently measured at amortized cost, fair value through other comprehensive income or fair value through profit or bss on the basis of both:

The entity’s business model for managing the financial assets and the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset.

ii) Classification of financial assets

Debt instruments that meet the following conditions are subsequently measured at amortized cost (except for debt instruments that are designated at fair value through profit or loss on initial recognition):

- The asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets in order to collect contractual cash flows; and

-the contractual terms of the instrument give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

Debt instruments that meet the following conditions are subsequently measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (except for debt instruments that are designated as fair value through profit or loss on initial recognition)

- the asset is held within a business model whose objective is achieved both by collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets; and

-the contractual terms of the instrument give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

Interest income is recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss for FVTOCI debt instruments. For the purposes of recognizing foreign exchange gains and losses, FVTOCI debt instruments are treated as financial assets measured at amortized cost. Thus, the exchange differences on the amortized cost are recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss and other changes in the fair value of FVTOCI financial assets are recognized in other comprehensive income and accumulated under the heading of ‘Reserve for debt instruments through other comprehensive income’. When the investment is disposed of, the cumulative gain or loss previously accumulated in this reserve is reclassified to Statement of Profit and Loss.

All other financial assets are subsequently measured at fair value.

iv) Effective interest method

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortized cost of a debt instrument and of allocating interest income over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts (including all fees paid or received that form an integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the debt instrument, or, where appropriate, a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition.

Income is recognized on an effective interest basis for debt instruments other than those financial assets classified as at FVTPL. Interest income is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss and is included in the “Other income” line item.

v) Investments in equity instruments at FVTOCI

On initial recognition, the Company can make an irrevocable election (on an instrument-by- instrument basis) to present the subsequent changes in fair value in other comprehensive income pertaining to investments in equity instruments. This election is not permitted if the equity investment is held for trading. These elected investments are initially measured at fair value plus transaction costs. Subsequently, they are measured at fair value with gains and losses arising from changes in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income and accumulated in the ‘Reserve for equity instruments through other comprehensive income’. The cumulative gain or loss is not reclassified to Statement of Profit and Loss on disposal of the investments.

A financial asset is held for trading if:

- It has been acquired principally for the purpose of selling it in the near term; or

- On initial recognition it is part of a portfolio of identified financial instruments that the Company manages together and has a recent actual pattern of short-term profit-taking; or

- It is a derivative that is not designated and effective as a hedging instrument or a financial guarantee.

Dividends on these investments in equity instruments are recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss when the Company’s right to receive the dividends is established, it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the dividend will flow to the entity, the dividend does not represent a recovery of part of cost of the investment and the amount of dividend can be measured reliably. Dividends recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss are included in the ‘Other income’ line item.

vi) Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)

Investments in equity instruments are classified as at FVTPL, unless the Company irrevocably elects on initial recognition to present subsequent changes in fair value in other comprehensive income for investments in equity instruments which are not held for trading.

Debt instruments that do not meet the amortized cost criteria or FVTOCI criteria (see above) are measured at FVTPL. In addition, debt instruments that meet the amortized cost criteria or the FVTOCI criteria but are designated as at FVTPL are measured at FVTPL.

Afinancial asset that meets the amortized cost criteria or debt instruments that meet the FVTOCI criteria may be designated as at FVTPL upon initial recognition if such designation eliminates or significantly reduces a measurement or recognition inconsistency that would arise from measuring assets or liabilities or recognizing the gains and losses on them on different bases. The Company has not designated any debt instrument as at FVTPL..

Financial assets at FVTPL are measured at fair value at the end of each reporting period, with any gains or losses arising on remeasurement recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss. The net gain or loss recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss incorporates any dividend or interest earned on the financial asset and is included in the ‘Other income’ line item. Dividend on financial assets at FVTPL is recognized when the Company’s right to receive the dividends is established, it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the dividend will flow to the entity, the dividend does not represent a recovery of part of cost of the investment and the amount of dividend can be measured reliably.

vii) Derecognition of financial assets

The Company derecognizes a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, or when it transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset to another party. If the Company neither transfers nor retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership and continues to control the transferred asset, the Company recognizes its retained interest in the asset and an associated liability for amounts it may have to pay. If the Company retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of a transferred financial asset, the Company continues to recognize the financial asset and also recognizes a collateralized borrowing for the proceeds received.

On derecognition of a financial asset in its entirety, the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the sum of the consideration received and receivable and the cumulative gain or loss that had been recognized in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity is recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss if such gain or loss would have otherwise been recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss on disposal of that financial asset.

On derecognition of a financial asset other than in its entirety (e.g. when the Company retains an option to repurchase part of a transferred asset), the Company allocates the previous carrying amount of the financial asset between the part it continues to recognize under continuing involvement, and the part it no longer recognizes on the basis of the relative fair values of those parts on the date of the transfer. The difference between the carrying amount allocated to the part that is no longer recognized and the sum of the consideration received for the part no longer recognized and any cumulative gain or loss allocated to it that had been recognized in other comprehensive income is recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss if such gain or loss would have otherwise been recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss on disposal of that financial asset. A cumulative gain or loss that had been recognized in other comprehensive income is allocated between the part that continues to be recognized and the part that is no longer recognized on the basis of the relative fair values of those parts.

k) Financial liabilities and equity instruments

i) Classification as debt or equity

Debt and equity instruments issued by a Company entity are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangements and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument.

ii) Equity instruments

An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity after deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments issued by a Company entity are recognized at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs.

Repurchase of the Company’s own equity instruments is recognized and deducted directly in equity. No gain or loss is recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss on the purchase, sale, issue or cancellation of the Company’s own equity instruments.

iii) Financial liabilities

All Financial liabilities are measured at amortized cost using effective interest method or fair value through profit and loss. However, financial liabilities that arise when a transfer of a financial asset does not qualify for derecognition or when the continuing involvement approach applies, financial guarantee contracts issued by the Company, and commitments issued by the Company to provide a loan at below-market interest rate are measured in accordance with the specific accounting policies set out below.

iv) Financial liabilities at Fair Value Through Profit and Loss (FVTPL)

Financial liabilities are classified as at FVTPL when the financial liability is either contingent consideration recognized by the Company as an acquirer in a business combination to which Ind AS 103 applies or is held for trading or it is designated as at FVTPL.

A financial liability is classified as held for trading if:

- It has been incurred principally for the purpose of repurchasing it in the near term; or

- On initial recognition it is part of a portfolio of identified financial instruments that the Company manages together and has a recent actual pattern of short-term profit-taking; or

- It is a derivative that is not designated and effective as a hedging instrument.

A financial liability other than a financial liability held for trading or contingent consideration recognized by the Company as an acquirer in a business combination to which Ind AS 103 applies, may be designated as at FVTPL upon initial recognition if:

- Such designation eliminates or significantly reduces a measurement or recognition inconsistency that would otherwise arise;

- the financial liability forms part of a Company of financial assets or financial liabilities or both, which is managed and its performance is evaluated on a fair value basis, in accordance with the Company’s documented risk management or investment strategy, and information about the Companying is provided internally on that basis; or

- it forms part of a contract containing one or more embedded derivatives, and Ind AS 109 permits the entire combined contract to be designated as at FVTPL in accordance with Ind AS 109.

Financial liabilities at FVTPL are stated at fair value, with any gains or losses arising on remeasurement recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss. The net gain or loss recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss incorporates any interest paid on the financial liability and is included in the ‘Other income’ line item.

However, for non-held-for-trading financial liabilities that are designated as at FVTPL, the amount of change in the fair value of the financial liability that is attributable to changes in the credit risk of that liability is recognized in other comprehensive income, unless the recognition of the effects of changes in the liability’s credit risk in other comprehensive income would create or enlarge an accounting mismatch in profit or loss, in which case these effects of changes in credit risk are recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss. The remaining amount of change in the fair value of liability is always recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss. Changes in fair value attributable to a financial liability’s credit risk that are recognized in other comprehensive income are reflected immediately in retained earnings and are not subsequently reclassified to Statement of Profit and Loss.

Gains or losses on financial guarantee contracts and loan commitments issued by the Company that are designated by the Company as at fair value through profit or loss are recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss.

v) Financial liabilities subsequently measured at amortized cost

Financial liabilities that are not held-for-trading and are not designated as at FVTPL are measured at amortized cost at the end of subsequent accounting periods. The carrying amounts of financial liabilities that are subsequently measured at amortized cost are determined based on the effective interest method. Interest expense that is not capitalized as part of costs of an asset is included in the ‘Finance costs’ line item.

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortized cost of a financial liability and of allocating interest expense over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments (including all fees paid or received that form an integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the financial liability, or (where appropriate) a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition.

vi) Derecognition of financial liabilities

The Company derecognizes financial liabilities when, and only when, the Company’s obligations are discharged, cancelled or have expired. An exchange with a lender of debt instruments with substantially different terms is accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the recognition of a new financial liability.

Similarly, a substantial modification of the terms of an existing financial liability (whether or not attributable to the financial difficulty of the debtor) is accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the recognition of

a new financial liability. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability derecognized and the consideration paid and payable is recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss.

I) Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company uses derivative financial instruments, such as forward foreign exchange contracts, to hedge its foreign currency risks. Such derivative financial instruments are initially recognized at fair value on the date on which a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently remeasured at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss

Derivatives are initially recognized at fair value at the date the derivative contracts are entered into and are subsequently remeasured to their fair value at the end of each reporting period. The resulting gain or loss is recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss immediately unless the derivative is designated and effective as a hedging instrument, in which event the timing of the recognition in profit or loss depends on the nature of the hedging relationship and the nature of the hedged item.

i) Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the Balance Sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

ii) Fair value measurement

The Company measures financial instruments, such as, derivatives at fair value at each balance sheet date.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:

i) In the principal market for the asset or liability, or

ii) In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability

The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Company.

The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant’s ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.

The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximizing the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorized within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest

Level input that is significant to the fair value

measurement as a whole:

Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

Level 2 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest

level input that is significant to the fair value

measurement is directly or indirectly observable

Level 3 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest

level input that is significant to the fair value

measurement is unobservable

m) Reclassification of financial assets and liabilities

The Company determines classification of financial assets and liabilities on initial recognition. After initial recognition, no reclassification is made for financial assets which are equity instruments and financial liabilities.

For financial assets which are debt instruments, a reclassification is made only if there is a change in the business model for managing those assets.

Changes to the business model are expected to be infrequent. The Company’s senior management determines change in the business model as a result of external or internal changes which are significant to the Company’s operations. Such changes are evident to external parties. A change in the business model occurs when the Company either begins or ceases to perform an activity that is significant to its operations.

If the Company reclassifies financial assets, it applies the reclassification prospectively from the reclassification date which is the first day of the immediately next reporting period following the change in the business model. The Company does not restate any previously recognised gains, losses (including impairment gains or losses) or interest.

n) Leases

As a lessee, the Company leases many assets including properties and office equipment. The Company previously classified leases as operating or finance leases based on its assessment of whether the lease transferred significantly all of the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of the underlying asset to the Company. Under IND AS 116, the Company recognises right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for most of these leases - i.e. these leases are on-balance sheet.

AS PER OUR REPORT OF EVEN DATE ATTACHED FOR TIGER LOGISTICS (INDIA) LIMITED

FOR GARG AGRAWAL & AGRAWAL HARPREET SINGH MALHOTRA BENU MALHOTRA

CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS MANAGING DIRECTOR DIRECTOR

DIN No. 00147977 DIN No. 00272443

CA ASHOKAGRAWAL

PARTNER VISHAL SAURAV MADHUSUDAN

MEMBERSHIP NO : 500883 COMPANY SECRETARY JHUNJHUNWALA

UDIN- 24500883BKECAP5820 MEMBERSHIP NO. A32702 ^CF0

PLACE : NEW DELHI DATE : 28-05-2024