M. Provisions and Contingent Liabilities General
Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. When the company expects some or all of the provisions to be reimbursed, the expense relating to the provisions are presented in the Statement of Profit and Loss net of any reimbursement.
If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost.
A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrences or non-occurrences of one or more uncertain future events beyond the control of the Company or a present obligation that is not recognized because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation. The does not recognize a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial statements. Payments in respect of such liabilities, if any are shown as advances.
N. Accounting for Taxation of Income (i) Current taxes
Income tax expense is recognized in net profit in the Statement of Profit and Loss except to the extent that it relates to items recognized directly in other comprehensive income or equity, in which case it is recognized in other comprehensive income or equity respectively. Current income tax is recognized at the amount expected to be paid to or recovered from the tax authorities, using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by and as applicable to the balance sheet date. The Company offsets current tax assets and current tax liabilities, where it has a
legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts and where it intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
Minimum Alternate Tax ('MAT') under the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961 is recognised at current tax rate in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The credit available under the Income Tax act, 1961 in respect of MAT paid is recognised as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the individual Company will pay normal income tax during the period for which the MAT credit recognised as an asset is reviewed at each balance sheet date and written down to the extent the aforesaid convincing evidence no longer exists.
(ii) Deferred taxes
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for all differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the financial statements. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured using tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet date and are expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect of changes in tax rates on deferred income tax assets and liabilities is recognized as income or expense in the period that includes the enactment or the substantive enactment date. A deferred income tax asset is recognized to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences and tax losses can be utilized.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each balance sheet date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realized.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and when they relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority and the Company intends to settle its current tax assets and liabilities on a net basis.
Deferred tax includes MAT credit mat credit available paid as per the provisions of the Income Tax Act and the rules prescribe thereunder as an asset only to the extent that there is convincing
evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax during the specified period, i.e. the period for which MAT credit is allowed to be carried forward.
The Company reviews the "MAT credit entitlement" asset at each reporting date and writes down the asset to the extent the Company does not have convincing evidence that it will pay normal tax during the specified period.
O. Fair value measurement
The Company measures financial instruments, such as, derivatives at fair value at each balance sheet date.
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to settle a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, regardless of whether that price is directly observable or estimated using another valuation techniques
In estimating the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company takes into account the characteristics of the asset or liability if market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.
All assets and liabilities for which fair values are measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorized within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:
• Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities
• Level 2 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable
• Level 3 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable
For assets and liabilities that are recognised in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorization (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting date.
The Company's Management determines the policies and procedures for both recurring fair value measurement, such as derivative instruments and unquoted financial assets measured at fair values, and for non-recurring measurement, such as assets held for distribution in the event of discontinued operations.
This note summarizes accounting policy for fair value. Other fair value related disclosures are given in the relevant notes.
P. Foreign Currency-Transactions and Balances
The Company's functional currency is INR and accordingly, the financial statements are presented in INR in lacs.
Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded by the company in their functional currency spot rates at the date the transaction first qualifies for recognition.
Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into the relevant functional currency at exchange rates in effect at the Balance Sheet date. The Gains and losses arising on account of differences in foreign exchange rates on settlement/ or translation dates of monetary assets and liabilities are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss except exchange differences on foreign currency borrowings relating to assets under construction for future productive use. These are included in the cost of the respective assets when they are regarded as an adjustment to interest costs on the foreign currency borrowings.
Non-monetary assets and non-monetary liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and measured at fair value are translated at the exchange rate prevalent at the date when the fair value was determined. Non-monetary assets and non-monetary liabilities denominated in a
foreign currency and measured at historical cost are translated at the exchange rate prevalent at the date of the transaction. The related revenue and expense are recognized using the same exchange rate. Transaction gains or losses realized upon settlement of foreign currency transactions are included in determining net profit for the period in which the transaction is settled. Revenue, expense and cash-flow items denominated in foreign currencies are translated into the relevant functional currencies using the exchange rate in effect on the date of the transaction. Other comprehensive income, net of taxes, includes translation differences on non-monetary financial assets measured at fair value at the reporting date, such as equities classified as financial instruments and measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI).
Q. Borrowing Costs
General and specific borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets, which are assets that
necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale, are added to the cost of those assets, until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale. All other borrowing costs are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they are incurred.
R. Leases
The Company evaluates if an arrangement qualifies to be a lease as per the requirements of Ind AS 116. Identification of a lease requires significant judgment. The Company uses significant judgment in assessing the lease term (including anticipated renewals) and the applicable discount rate. The discount rate is generally based on the incremental borrowing rate specific to the lease being evaluated or for a portfolio of leases with similar characteristics.
Company as a Lessee
The Company assesses whether a contract contains a lease, at inception of a contract. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. To assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, the Company assesses whether: (i) the contract involves the use of an identified asset (ii) the Company has substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the asset through the period of the lease and (iii) the Company has the right to direct the use of the asset.
At the date of commencement of the lease, the Company recognizes a right-of-use (ROU) asset and a corresponding lease liability for all lease arrangements in which it is a lessee, except for leases with a term of 12 months or less (short-term leases) and low value leases. For these short-term and low-value leases, the Company recognizes the lease payments as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.
Certain lease arrangements includes the options to extend or terminate the lease before the end of the lease term. ROU assets and lease liabilities includes these options when it is reasonably certain that they will be exercised. The ROU assets are initially recognized at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or prior to the commencement date of the lease plus any initial direct costs less any lease incentives. They are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses.
ROU assets are depreciated from the commencement date over the shorter of the lease term and useful life of the underlying asset. ROU assets are evaluated for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. For the purpose of impairment testing, the recoverable amount (i.e. the higher of the fair value less cost to sell and the value-in-use) is determined on an individual asset basis unless the asset does not generate cash flows that are largely independent of those from other assets. In such cases, the recoverable amount is determined for the Cash Generating Unit (CGU) to which the asset belongs.
The lease liability is initially measured at amortized cost at the present value of the future lease payments. The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if not readily determinable, using the incremental borrowing rates in the country of domicile of these leases. Lease liabilities are remeasured with a corresponding adjustment to the related ROU asset if the Company changes its assessment of whether it will exercise an extension or a termination option. Lease liability and ROU assets have been separately presented in the Balance Sheet and lease payments have been classified as financing cash flows.
The Company as a lessor
Leases for which the Company is a lessor is classified as a finance or operating lease. Whenever as per the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to the lessee, the contract is classified as a finance lease. All other leases are classified as operating leases.
For operating leases, rental income is recognized on a straight line basis over the term of the relevant lease.
S. Employee Benefits
a) Short-term obligations
Short Term Liabilities for wages and salaries, expected cost of the bonus and ex-gratia including non-monetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within 12 months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service are recognised in respect of employee's services up to the end of the reporting period and are measured at the undiscounted amounts of the benefits when the liabilities are settled. All employee benefits payable wholly within twelve months of rendering the service are classified as short-term employee benefits. These benefits
include short term compensated absences such as paid annual leave. The undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the services rendered by employees is recognised as an expense during the period. Benefits such as salaries and wages, etc. and the expected cost of the bonus/ex-gratia are recognised in the period in which the employee renders the related service. The liabilities are presented as current employee benefit obligations in the balance sheet.
b) Other Long-term employee benefit obligations
The liabilities for compensated absences (annual leave) which are not expected to be settled wholly within 12 months after the end of the period in which the employee render the related service are presented as non-current employee benefits obligations. They are therefore measured at the present value of expected future payments to be made in respect of services provided by employees up to the end of the reporting period using the Projected Unit Credit method. The benefits are discounted using the market yields at the end of the reporting period on government bonds that have terms approximating to the terms of the related obligations. Re-measurements as a result of experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions (i.e. actuarial losses/ gains) are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
The obligations are presented as current in the balance sheet, if the Company does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement for at least twelve months after the reporting period, regardless of when the actual settlement is expected to occur.
c) Post- employment obligations
The Company operates the following post¬ employment schemes:
(i) Defined benefit plans such as gratuity
(ii) Defined contribution plans such as provident fund.
Defined benefit plan - Gratuity Obligations
The Company provides for gratuity, a defined benefit plan (the "Gratuity Plan") covering eligible employees in accordance with the "The Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972". The Gratuity Plan provides a lump sum payment to vested employees at
retirement, death, incapacitation or termination of employment, of an amount based on the respective employee's salary and the tenure of employment.
The liability or asset recognised in the balance sheet in respect of defined benefit gratuity plans is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period less the fair value of plan assets. The defined benefit obligation is actuarially determined using the Projected Unit Credit method.
The present value of the defined benefit obligation is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows with reference to market yields at the end of the reporting period on government bonds that have a terms approximating to the terms of the obligation.
The net interest cost, calculated by applying the discount rate to the net balance of the defined benefit obligation and the fair value of the plan assets, is recognised as employee benefit expenses in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Remeasurement of gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in the other comprehensive income in the year in which they arise and are not subsequently reclassified to Statement of Profit and Loss.
Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments or curtailments are recognised immediately in Statement of Profit and Loss as past service cost.
Defined Contribution Plan
The Company pays provident fund contributions to publicly administered provident funds as per local regulatory authorities. The Company has no further obligations once the contributions have been paid. The contributions are accounted for as defined contribution plans and the contributions are recognised as employee benefit expense as and when they are due.
. Earnings Per Share
Basic Earnings per Share (EPS) amounts are calculated by dividing the profit for the reporting period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the reporting period.
Diluted earnings per share is the adjusted figures used in the determination of basic earnings per share to take into account:
• The after income tax effect of interest and other financing costs associated with dilutive potential equity shares, and
• Weighted average number of equity shares that would have been outstanding assuming the conversion of all the dilutive potential equity.
U. Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalent in the balance sheet comprise cash at banks and on hand and short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition, which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in values.
V. Insurance claims
Insurance claims are accounted for on the basis of claims admitted / expected to be admitted and to the extent that there is no uncertainty in receiving the claims.
W. Segment Reporting
The Company identifies operating segments based on the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision-maker.
The chief operating decision-maker, who is responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance of the operating segments, has been identified as the Board of Directors that makes strategic decisions.
The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with the accounting policies of the Company. Segment revenue, segment expenses have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment.
The Company operates in a single reporting segment hence disclosures under the Ind AS 108 - "Segment Reporting" are not applicable.
X. Equity Instruments
An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity after deducting all of its liabilities. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares or options are shown in equity as a deduction, net of tax, from the proceeds.
Note 34 : Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
As per Section 135 of the Companies Act, 2013, a company, meeting the applicability threshold, needs to spend at least 2% of its average net profit for the immediately preceding three financial years on corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities. The areas for CSR activities are eradication of hunger and malnutrition, promoting education, art and culture, healthcare, destitute care and rehabilitation, environment sustainability, disaster relief and rural development projects, sports promotion and institution building. A CSR committee has been formed by the Company as per the Act. The Company is spending amount for these activities, which are specified in Schedule VII of the Companies Act, 2013.
III. Other Employee Benefits
The liability for leave entitlement as at March 31, 2026 is ? 148.51 lakhs (March 31, 2025: ? 144.34 lakhs) disclosed under Long Term Provisions and Short Term Provision (Refer Note 18).
IV. Sensitivity Analysis
The below sensitivity analyses are based on a change in an assumption while holding all other assumptions constant. In practice, this is unlikely to occur, and changes in some of the assumptions may be correlated.The methods and types of assumptions used in preparing the sensitivity analysis did not change compared to the prior period.
a. Gratuity
A quantitative sensitivity analysis for significant assumption as at March 31, 2026 and March 31, 2025 are as shown below:
Capital risk management
For the purpose of the Company's capital management, capital includes issued equity share capital, securities premium and all other reserves attributable to the equity holders of the Company. The primary objective of the Company's capital management is to maximise the value of the share and to reduce the cost of capital.
The Company manages its capital structure and makes adjustments in light of changes in economic conditions and the requirements of the financial covenants. To maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Company can adjust the dividend payment to shareholders, issue new shares, etc. The Company monitors capital using a gearing ratio, which is net debt divided by total equity. The Company includes within net debt, interest bearing loans and borrowings, less cash and cash equivalents and other bank balances.
Fair value hierarchy of financial instruments:
This section explains the judgements and estimates made in determining the fair values of the financial instruments that are
a) recognised and measured at fair value and
b) measured at amortised cost for which fair values are disclosed in the financial statements.
To provide an indication about the reliability of the inputs used in determining fair value, the Company has classified its financial instruments into three levels prescribed under the accounting standard.
Note 37 : Financial Risk Management Objectives and Policies
The Company's principal financial liabilities, other than derivatives, comprises of loans and borrowings, trade and other payables, and financial guarantee contracts. The main purpose of these financial liabilities is to finance the Company's operations and to provide guarantees to support its operations directly or indirectly. The Company's principal financial assets include loans, trade and other receivables, cash and cash equivalents that derive directly from its operations.
The Company is exposed to market risk, credit risk and liquidity risk. The below note explains the sources of risk which the entity is exposed to and how the entity manages the risk :
Market Risk
Market risk comprises two types of risk : interest rate risk and currency risk. Financial instruments affected by market risk include loans and borrowings, deposits and derivative financial instruments.
Foreign currency risk
Foreign currency risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of an exposure will fluctuate because of changes in foreign exchange rates. The Group's exposure to the risk of changes in foreign exchange rates relates primarily to the borrowings converted in the foreign currency and purchase of stores and spares from out of India. The Company manages its foreign currency risk by hedging repayment of principals that are expected to be paid within the period of loan. When a derivative is entered into for the purpose of being a hedge, the Company negotiates the terms of those derivatives to match the terms of the hedged exposure. The Company hedges its exposure to fluctuations on the translation into ? of its foreign payables in foreign currencies and by using foreign currency option and forward contracts.
Foreign Currency Sensitivity
Company does not have any foreign currency profit/(loss) in reporting period.
Interest rate risk
Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. The Company's exposure to the risk of changes in market interest rates relates primarily to the Company's long-term debt obligations with floating interest rates.
The Company manages its interest rate risk by having a balanced portfolio of fixed and variable rate loans and borrowings.
The exposure of the Company to interest rate changes at the end of the reporting period are as under:
Credit Risk
Credit risk is the risk that counterparty will not meet its obligations under a financial instrument or customer contract, leading to a financial loss. The Company is exposed to credit risk from its operating activities (primarily trade receivables) and from its financing activities, including deposits with banks and financial institutions and other financial instruments.
The maximum exposure to the credit risk at the reporting date is primarily from trade receivables amounting to ? 17,805.74 lakhs and ? 11,271.70 lakhs as of March 31, 2026 and March 31, 2025, respectively.
Financial instruments and cash deposits
Credit risk from balances with banks and financial institutions is managed by the Company's finance department in accordance with the Company's policy. Investments of surplus funds are made generally in the fixed deposits. The investment limits are set to minimise the concentration of risks and therefore mitigate financial loss to make payments for vendors.
The Company's maximum exposure to credit risk for the components of the balance sheet at March 31, 2026 and March 31, 2025 is the carrying amounts as stated in balance sheet .The Company's maximum exposure relating to financial derivative instruments is noted in the liquidity table below.
Liquidity Risk
The Company monitors its risk of a shortage of funds using a liquidity planning tool.
Liquidity risk is defined as the risk that the Company will not be able to settle or meet its obligations on time or at a reasonable price. The Company manages liquidity risk by maintaining sufficient cash and cash equivalents and by having access to funding through an adequate amount of committed credit lines. The Company's objective is to maintain a balance between continuity of funding and flexibility through the use of bank loans, preference shares and unsecured loans. The Company has access to a sufficient variety of sources of funding which can be rolled over with existing lenders. The Company believes that the working capital is sufficient to meet its current requirements.
Trade receivables
Customer credit risk is managed by the Company's established policy, procedures and control relating to customer credit risk management. The Company is in the business of CFS activities. Credit quality of a customer is assessed by the management on regular basis with market information and individual credit limits are defined accordingly. Outstanding customer receivables are regularly monitored and any further services to major customers are approved by the senior management.
An impairment analysis is performed at each reporting date on an individual basis for major customers. In addition, a large number of minor receivables are grouped into homogenous groups and assessed for impairment collectively. The maximum exposure to credit risk at the reporting date is the carrying value of each class of financial assets disclosed in Note 12.
On account of adoption of Ind-AS 109, the Company uses expected credit loss model to assess the impairment loss or gain. The Company uses a provision matrix to compute the expected credit loss allowance for trade receivables. The provision matrix takes into account available external and internal credit risk factors and the Company's historical experience for customers.
Note 38 : Segment Information
Information about Primary Business Segment
The Company is primarily engaged in one business segment, namely related to Container Freight Station (CFS) and Inland Container Depot (ICD) Operations, which are primarily assessed as a single reportable operating segment as determined by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM) ,in accordance with Ind As 108 "Operating Segment".
Information about Secondary Geographical Segment
The Company is engaged in providing services to customers located in India, consequently the Company does not have separate reportable geographical segment for the year ended March 31, 2026.
Note 40 : Additional regulatory information as required by Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013
i) The Company does not have any Benami property, where any proceeding has been initiated or pending against the Company for holding any Benami property.
ii) The Company does not have any charges or satisfaction which is yet to be registered with ROC beyond the statutory period.
iii) The Company has not traded or invested in Crypto currency or Virtual Currency during the financial year.
iv) The Company has not been declared wilfull defaulter by any bank or financial institution or government or any government authority.
v) The Company has not advanced or loaned or invested funds to any other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Intermediaries) with the understanding that the Intermediary shall:
(a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the company (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or
(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
vi) The Company has not received any fund from any person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Funding Party) with the understanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the Company shall:
(a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or
(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
vii) The Company has not any such transaction which is not recorded in the books of account that has been surrendered or disclosed as income during the year in the tax assessments under the Income Tax Act, 1961 (such as, search or survey or any other relevant provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.
viii) Quarterly returns or statements of current assets filed with banks or financial institutions are in agreement with the books of accounts.
ix) Balances outstanding with Nature of transaction with struck off companies as per section 248 of the Companies Act, 2013:
Note 41 : Events occurring after balance sheet date
Where events occurring after the Balance Sheet date provide evidence of conditions that existed at the end of the reporting period, the impact of such events is adjusted within the Financial Statements. Otherwise, events after the Balance Sheet date of material size or nature are only disclosed. No significant adjusting event occurred between the balance sheet date and the date of approval of these financial statements by the Board of Directors of the company requiring adjustment or disclosure.
Note 42 : Previous Years' Figures
The company has re-grouped and/or re-arranged figures for previous year, wherever required to confirm with current year's classification.
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