Taxation
Tax expense comprises of current tax (i.e. amount of tax for the year determined in accordance with the Income Tax Act, 1961), and deferred tax charge or benefit (i.e. reflecting the tax effect of timing differences between accounting income and taxable income for the year).
Current tax
Provision for current tax is recognized based on estimated tax liability computed after adjusting for allowances, disallowances and exemptions in accordance with the Income Tax Act, 1961.
Deferred Tax
Deferred income tax reflects the current period timing differences between taxable income and accounting income for the period and reversal of timing differences of earlier years/period. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates and tax law that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet date.
Deferred tax assets are recognized when there is reasonable certainty that the asset can be realized in future, however, where there is unabsorbed depreciation or carried forward loss under taxation laws, deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent there is virtual certainty of realization of the assets.
Deferred tax assets are reviewed as at each balance sheet date and written down or written up to reflect the amount that is reasonably/virtually certain, as the case may be, to be realized.
Segment Reporting - IND AS 108
The Company publishes the standalone financial statements along with the consolidated financial statements of the Company. In accordance with IND AS 108 - Operating Segments, the Company has disclosed the segment information in the consolidated financial statements.
Foreign Currency Transactions
Foreign currency transactions are recorded at exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction.
Corporate social responsibility
As per Section 135 of the Companies Act, 2013, a Company, meeting the applicability threshold needs to spend at least 2% of its average net profit for the immediately preceding three financial years on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities.
Financial Risk Management
The Company's board of directors has overall responsibility for the establishment and oversight of the Company's risk management framework. The Company manages market risk through a treasury department, which evaluates and exercises independent control over the entire process of market risk management. The treasury department recommends risk management objectives and policies, which are approved by Board of Directors. The activities of this department include management of cash resources, borrowing strategies, and ensuring compliance with market risk limits and policies.
The Company's risk management policies are established to identify and analyse the risks faced by the Company, to set appropriate risk limits and controls and to monitor risks and adherence to limits. Risk management policies and systems are reviewed regularly to reflect changes in market conditions and the Company's activities. The Company, through its training and management standards and procedures, aims to maintain a disciplined and constructive control environment in which all employees understand their roles and obligations.
The audit committee oversees how management monitors compliance with the company's risk management policies and procedures, and reviews the adequacy of the risk management framework in relation to the risks faced by the Company. The audit committee is assisted in its oversight role by internal audit. Internal audit undertakes both regular and ad hoc reviews of risk management controls and procedures, the results of which are reported to the audit committee.
A. Market Risk
Market risk is the risk that the fair value or future Cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market prices. The objective of market risk management is to manage and control market risk exposures within acceptable parameters, while optimizing the return.
i. Foreign currency risk:
Foreign currency risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of an exposure will fluctuate because of changes in foreign exchange rates.
ii. Interest rate risk:
The Company is exposed to interest risk if the fair value or future cash flows of its financial instruments will fluctuate as a result of changes in market interest rates. Fair value interest rate risk is the risk of changes in fair values of fixed interest bearing investments because of fluctuations in the interest rates.
The Company's interest rate risk arises from interest bearing deposits with bank. Such instruments exposes the Company to fair value interest rate risk. Management believe that the interest rate risk attached to this financial assets are not significant due to the nature of this financial assets.
iii. Market price risk:
The Company is exposed to market price risk, which arises from FVTPL and FVOCI investments. The management monitors the proportion of these investments in its investment portfolio based on market indices. Material investments within the portfolio are managed on an individual basis and all buy and sell decisions are approved by the appropriate authority.
B. Liquidity Risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the entity will encounter difficulty in meeting the obligations associated with its financial liabilities that are settled by delivering cash or another financial asset. The entity's approach to managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will have sufficient liquidity to meet its liabilities when they are due, under both normal and stressed conditions, without incurring unacceptable losses or risking damage to the entity's reputation.
The table below summarises the maturity profile of the Company's financial liabilities based on the contractual undiscounted payments.
C. Credit Risk
It is risk of financial loss that the Group will incur a loss because its customers or counter parties to financial instruments fails to meet its contractual obligation.
The Group's financial assets comprises of cash and bank balances, trade receivables, investments and other financial assets which comprise mainly of deposits.
The maximum exposure to credit risk at the reporting date is primarily from Group's trade receivable.
Following provides exposure to credit risks for trade receivables and loans:
Cash and cash equivalents:
The company maintains its Cash and cash equivalents and Bank deposits with banks having good reputation, good past track record and high quality credit rating and also reviews their credit-worthiness on an on-going basis.
Trade receivables:
Trade receivables of the company are typically unsecured. Credit risk is managed through credit approvals
and periodic monitoring of the creditworthiness of customers to which company grants credit terms in the normal course of business. The company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers' financial condition and monitors the creditworthiness of its customers to which it grants credit terms in the normal course of business. The allowance for impairment of Trade receivables is created to the extent and as and when required, based upon the expected collectability of accounts receivables. The company has no concentration of credit risk as the customer base is geographically distributed in India.
The above receivables which are past due but not impaired are assessed on individual case to case basis and relate to a number of independent third party customers from whom there is no recent history of default. These financial assets were not impaired as there had not been a significant change in credit quality and the amounts were
still considered recoverable based on the nature of the activity of the customer portfolio to which they belong and the type of customers. There are no other classes of financial assets that are past due but not impaired except for Trade receivables as at 31st March, 2023.
19. Subsequent Events
The Board of Directors in their meeting held on 29th April, 2023 have proposed a final dividend of B3/- per equity share for the year ended 31st March, 2023 which is subject to the approval of shareholders at the ensuing Annual General Meeting and if approved, would result in a cash outflow of approximately B31.965 million.
20. There were no Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises, to whom the Company owed dues, which were outstanding for more than 45 days as at 31st March, 2022. This information as required to be disclosed under the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, 2006 has been determined to the extent, such parties have been identified on the basis of information available with the Company.
21. Other Notes On Accounts
(i) Estimated amount of contracts remaining to be executed on Capital B NIL
(ii) We have relied on internal evidences certified by management, in case where external evidences in respect of expenses are not available.
(iii) Previous year's figures have been regrouped / reclassified and rearranged wherever necessary to correspond with the current year's classification / disclosure.
The Company has received order u/s 148A(d) of I ncome Tax Act 1961 for re-opening of scrutiny assessment for AY 2016-17 to AY 2019-20 with approval of appropriate authority. The company has filed the writ petitions against the same in Hon'ble Gujarat High Court. The High Court has granted ad-interim stay against the said proceedings. The matter is pending with Hon'ble Gujarat Hugh Court. Based on prior experience management is reasonably confident that no liability will devolve on the company. During the current year, on assessment of facts and status on the above matter, the company has assessed that possibility of any outflow in settlement is remote. Accordingly, the same has not been considered as contingent liability.
9.1. Terms/Rights attached to Equity Shares
The Company has only one class of equity shares having a par value of B10 per share. Each holder of equity shares is entitled to one vote per share. The Company declares and pays dividends in Indian rupees. The dividend proposed by the Board of Directors is subject to the approval of the shareholders atthe ensuing Annual General Meeting.
In the event of liquidation of the Company, the holders of equity shares will be entitled to receive remaining assets of the Company, after distribution of all preferential amounts. The distribution will be in proportion to the number of equity shares held by the shareholders.
Nature and purpose of reserve
(a) Securities premium
Securities Premium reserves is used to record the premium on issue of shares. The reserve can be utilized only for limited purposes such as issuance of bonus shares, writing off the preliminary expenses in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act, 2013.
(b) Retained earnings
Retained earnings are the profits that the Company has earned till date, less any transfers to general reserve, dividends or other distributions paid to shareholders.
(c) General reserve
Under the erstwhile Companies Act, 1956, general reserve was created through an annual transfer of net income at a specified percentage in accordance with applicable regulations. This reserve can be utilized only in accordance with the specific requirements of Companies Act, 2013.Note 10: Other Equity
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